Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Stabilization of Nickel and Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles: A Green Adeptness

Abstract

Green protocols for the synthesis of nanoparticles have been attracting a lot of attention because they are eco-friendly, rapid, and cost-effective. Nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles have been synthesized by green routes and characterized for impact of green chemistry on the properties and biological effects of nanoparticles in the last five years. Green synthesis, properties, and applications of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles have been reported in the literature. This review summarizes the synthesis of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles using different biological systems. This review also provides comparative overview of influence of chemical synthesis and green synthesis on structural properties of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles and their biological behavior. It concludes that green methods for synthesis of nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles are better than chemical synthetic methods.

Effect of Enterobacter sp. CS2 and EDTA on the Phytoremediation of Ni-contaminated Soil by Impatiens balsamina

“…The inorganic Ni-compounds are highly soluble in water and Ni is categorized as one of the most toxic metals [1]. The polluted soils may cause health issues for several living organisms [2].…”

Green synthesis and physiochemical characterization of nickel oxide nanoparticles: Interaction studies with Calf thymus DNA

“…Green synthesis was preferred to take advantage of the complex, yet environmentally benign phytochemicals inside plant cells; this approach allows for simple, environmentally friendly and inexpensive nano synthesis. [10] Synthesis involved a two-step process. Firstly, nucleation occurred via bio-reduction of the metal ion into the zerovalent form, mainly by secondary metabolites in the plant extract followed by a growth phase due to agglomeration and, finally, capping by the secondary metabolites.…”

“…Firstly, nucleation occurred via bio-reduction of the metal ion into the zerovalent form, mainly by secondary metabolites in the plant extract followed by a growth phase due to agglomeration and, finally, capping by the secondary metabolites. [10] The secondary metabolites mentioned consisted of several bioactive compounds including proteins, sugars, vitamins, and flavonoids. [10] It has been proposed that transition of flavonoids from the enol to the keto form is responsible for this reduction.…”

“…[10] The secondary metabolites mentioned consisted of several bioactive compounds including proteins, sugars, vitamins, and flavonoids. [10] It has been proposed that transition of flavonoids from the enol to the keto form is responsible for this reduction. [11] The exact method of metal oxide NP formation from the metal NPs is not fully understood, but it is believed that they are formed due to oxidation of metal NPs or intermediates with atmospheric oxygen or decomposition of phytochemicals from the plant extract.…”

Effect of Silver Nanoparticle-Mediated Wound Therapy on Biochemical, Hematological, and Histological Parameters

“…The chemical synthesis of nanoparticles employs utilization of rigorous and toxic chemicals withal this method which requires a highly stringent protocol [14,15]. The nanoparticles thus synthesized by such methods are toxic to the environment and ultimately result in environmental degradation [16]. The biological method of nanoparticle synthesis is an alternative approach for these conventional methods, as the method is quite non-hazardous, frugal, facilely scaled up, and does not require multiple steps [17,18].…”