Recent Advances in the Pathobiology of Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Potential Impact on Diagnostic, Predictive, and Therapeutic Strategies

Banerjee, Diponkar

doi:10.1155/2011/439456

Cited by 41 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 226 publications

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“…Older patients above 60 years often present with mixed cellularity histology unlike in the present study. 12 In the study by Kamat G C et al 13 the rates of non-Hodgkin lymphoma to Hodgkin lymphoma was 8:1 which was similar to that found in the present study. In another study by Rahman M A et al 14 reactive hyperplasia comprised (30.89%), (which was higher than that found in the present study), tuberculosis lymphadenitis (33.5%), non-caseous granuloma (1.05%) and miscellaneous non-neoplastic conitions (4.7%).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Histopathological study of Lymph node lesions

Vidyadhar¹,

S²,

K³

2014

JIMD

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Abstract:Lymph node biopsy and histopathological examination (HPE) is an extremely important investigation helpful in differentiating between reactive and neoplastic states including lymphomas, sarcomas, histiocytosis and leukemias. Lymph node biopsy is also helpful in differentiating between primary and secondary malignant lesions of the lymph node. The present study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, Kannur Medical College, Kannur, on patients with clinically palpable lymph nodes i.e. either localised or generalised lymphadenopathy. The cervical lymph node was excised in preference to axillary and inguinal nodes. Among the non-neoplastic lesions tuberculous lymphadenitis (34.2%) and among the neoplastic lesions, metastatic carcinomas (19.90%) were the most common. Lymphomas comprised approximately 4% of the cases. Non-neoplastic lesions were most common in the 20-30 year age group whereas neoplastic lesions were most common in the 51-60 year age group. HPE on properly selected and excised lymph nodes enables one to arrive at an accurate diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Histopathological study of Lymph node lesions

Vidyadhar¹,

S²,

K³

2014

JIMD

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“…cHL has been described as a paradigm of how cancer cells transform the tumor microenvironment to promote the expansion of malignant cells 7,911124546474849 . Aberrant chemokine and cytokine production stimulates the growth and migration of CD4+ memory cells, regulatory T cells, macrophages, fibroblasts, eosinophils and mast cells 1150 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hodgkin lymphoma: A complex metabolic ecosystem with glycolytic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment

Mikkilineni

Whitaker‐Menezes

Domingo‐Vidal

et al. 2017

Seminars in Oncology

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Background Twenty percent of patients with classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) have aggressive disease defined as relapsed or refractory disease to initial therapy. At present we cannot identify these patients pre-treatment. The microenvironment is very important in cHL since non-cancer cells constitute the majority of the cells in these tumors. Non-cancer intra-tumoral cells such as tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been shown to promote tumor growth in cHL via crosstalk with the cancer cells. Metabolic heterogeneity is defined as high mitochondrial metabolism in some tumor cells and glycolysis in others. We hypothesized that there are metabolic differences between cancer cells and non-cancer tumor cells such as TAMs and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in cHL and that greater metabolic differences between cancer cells and TAMs are associated with poor outcomes. Methods A case-control study was conducted with 22 tissue samples of cHL at diagnosis from a single institution. The case samples were from 11 patients with aggressive cHL who had relapsed after standard treatment with adriamycin bleomycin vinblastine and dacarbazine (ABVD) or were refractory to this treatment. The control samples were from 11 patients with cHL who achieved a remission and never relapsed after ABVD. Reactive non-cancerous lymph nodes from 4 subjects served as additional controls. Samples were stained by immunohistochemistry for three metabolic markers: translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20), monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) and monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4). TOMM20 is a marker of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) metabolism. Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) is the main importer of lactate into cells and is a marker of OXPHOS. Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is the main lactate exporter out of cells and is a marker of glycolysis. The immunoreactivity for TOMM20, MCT1 and MCT4 was scored based on staining intensity and percentage of positive cells, as follows: 0 for no detectable staining in > 50% of cells; 1+ for faint to moderate staining in > 50% of cells, and 2+ for high or strong staining in >50% of cells. Results TOMM20, MCT1 and MCT4 expression was significantly different in Hodgkin and Reed Sternberg (HRS) cells, which are the cancerous cells in cHL compared to tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor-associated lymphocytes. HRS have high expression of TOMM20 and MCT1 while TAMs have absent expression of TOMM20 and MCT1 in all but 2 cases. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes have low TOMM20 expression and absent MCT1 expression. Conversely, high MCT4 expression was found in TAMs, but absent in HRS cells in all but 1 case. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes had absent MCT4 expression. Reactive lymph nodes in contrast to cHL tumors had low TOMM20, MCT1and MCT4 expression in lymphocytes and macrophages. High TOMM20 and MCT1 expression in cancer cells with high MCT4 expression in TAMs is a signature of high metabolic heterogeneity between cancer cells and the tumor microenviro...

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“…Some studies suggest that these B cells deliver survival signals to HRS cells, and suppress T cell activation via IL-10 production 58 . In contrast, other studies report that the presence of CD20 expressing B cells in the tumor microenvironment is associated with improved survival 59,60 .…”

Section: Targeting the Tumor Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Customized Targeted Therapy in Hodgkin Lymphoma

Diefenbach

Advani

2014

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America

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Synopsis Although the majority of patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) are cured with primary therapy, patients with primary refractory disease or relapse after initial treatment have poor outcomes and represent an unmet medical need. Recent advances in unraveling the biology of HL have yielded a plethora of novel targeted therapies. This review provides an overview of the data behind the hype generated by these advances and addresses the question of whether or not clinically these targeted therapies offer hope for patients with HL.

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Recent Advances in the Pathobiology of Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Potential Impact on Diagnostic, Predictive, and Therapeutic Strategies

Cited by 41 publications

References 226 publications

Histopathological study of Lymph node lesions

Histopathological study of Lymph node lesions

Hodgkin lymphoma: A complex metabolic ecosystem with glycolytic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment

Customized Targeted Therapy in Hodgkin Lymphoma

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