Recent Advances in the Gastrointestinal Fate of Organic and Inorganic Nanoparticles in Foods

Abstract

Inorganic or organic nanoparticles are often incorporated into foods to enhance their quality, stability, nutrition, or safety. When they pass through the gastrointestinal environment, the properties of these nanoparticles are altered, which impacts their biological effects and potential toxicity. Consequently, there is a need to understand how different kinds of nanoparticles behave within the gastrointestinal tract. In this article, the current understanding of the gastrointestinal fate of nanoparticles in foods is reviewed. Initially, the fundamental physicochemical and structural properties of nanoparticles are discussed, including their compositions, sizes, shapes, and surface chemistries. Then, the impact of food matrix effects and gastrointestinal environments on the fate of ingested nanoparticles is discussed. In particular, the influence of nanoparticle properties on food digestion and nutraceutical bioavailability is highlighted. Finally, future research directions are highlighted that will enable the successful utilization of nanotechnology in foods while also ensuring they are safe.

Interaction of polyelectrolyte-shell cubosomes with serum albumin for triggering drug release in gastrointestinal cancer

“…In general, there is still a relatively poor understanding of how real gastrointestinal conditions affect the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles. 60 The presence of bile salts in the gut may have dramatic structural effects on the lipid carriers if they display a propensity for the formation of mixed micelles. However, the polysaccharide shells on the surface of the cubosomes studied here may provide an improved structural stability when considering the reported fact that chitosan is a low digestible polysaccharide.…”

Design and advanced characterization of quercetin-loaded nano-liposomes prepared by high-pressure homogenization

“…As observed for drug delivery, rod-shaped particles or non-spherical ones are taken up and transported across the intestinal cells to a greater extent compared to those with spherical shapes ( Banerjee, Qi, Gogoi, Wong, & Mitragotri, 2016 ). Thus, the morphological heterogeneity of our samples could have a favourable effect on the potential biological activity of encapsulated quercetin ( Zhou & McClements, 2022 ).…”

Iraqi Awassi Lambs Performance Fed Nano Clay Minerals

“…Regarding the biochemical characteristics of the blood (Table 5), the addition of clay nano mineral significantly increased (P≤0.01) glucose levels to 66.37 mg/dl with a diet supplemented with 4g of clay nano per animal per day. This could be attributed to nanoparticles' [26] and [27] where nano technology improved digestion, absorption, and nutrient metabolism. Cholesterol and triglycerides levels significantly increased (P≤0.05) with a diet supplemented with 4g of clay nano per animal per day (T5), reaching70.33 and 32.00 mg/dl of respectively, compared to other treatments (T1, T2, T3, and T4).…”