Recent advances in the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass

Abstract

Biomass is considered as a renewable and alternative resource for the production of fuels and chemicals, since it is the only carbon and hydrogen containing resource that we can find in the world except for fossil resources, capable of being converted to hydrocarbons. The pyrolytic liquefaction of biomass is a promising way to convert biomass to useful products. This paper briefly surveys the present status of the direct catalytic pyrolysis for the liquefaction of biomass. The direct use of catalysts could decrease the pyrolysis temperature, increase the conversion of biomass and the yield of bio-oil, and change the distribution of the pyrolytic liquid products then improve the quality of the bio-oil obtained. The fact that biomass is in solid state present great challenges for its conversion and for the effective use of catalysts due to the bad heat transfer characteristics and bad mass transfer properties. These barriers appeal for the development of a new catalyst and new catalytic process as well as the integration of both. Process design and process intensification are of significant importance in the catalytic conversion of biomass.

Thermochemical processing of macroalgae: a late bloomer in the development of third-generation biofuels?

“…Indeed, various reviews have focused specifically on the catalytic aspect of the processes [35,39,40].…”

“…The alu mina produced oil with an HHV of 25.94 MJ/kg and a yield of 34.26 wt% at 450°C compared with an oil with a slightly lower yield and HHV of only 18.66 MJ/kg when no catalyst was included. Furthermore, the inclu sion of catalysts has been found to facilitate pyrolysis at lower temperatures by decreasing the activation energy, thereby increasing the thermal efficiency of the process for a variety of different biomass feeds [39].…”

Catalytic Fast Pyrolysis of Pine Wood: Effect of Successive Catalyst Regeneration

“…As an abundant and fast growing organic carbon and hydrogen source, biomass is the only alternative to fossil fuels from which petroleumlike products can be produced. 1 Fast pyrolysis, the rapid thermal decomposition of matter in the absence of oxygen followed by direct condensation of vapors, is an emerging and cost-effective thermochemical method to convert solid biomass into a liquid. 2 In the past, quite some attention was paid to optimizing the conditions of the pyrolysis process for producing a uniform, ash-free liquid intermediate (bio-oil) with significantly increased volumetric energy density in comparison to the solid biomass.…”

“…Increasing prices, shortage, storage, safety, and transport of the fossil fuel feedstocks have led to an increasing interest in the use of renewable lignocellulosic biomass resources. As an abundant and fast growing organic carbon and hydrogen source, biomass is the only alternative to fossil fuels from which petroleum-like products can be produced . Fast pyrolysis, the rapid thermal decomposition of matter in the absence of oxygen followed by direct condensation of vapors, is an emerging and cost-effective thermochemical method to convert solid biomass into a liquid …”

Process Optimization for Enhancing Yield and Quality of Bio-Oil from the Pyrolysis of Cow Hooves

“…Though several researches on bio-energy have explored different biomass [41][42][43][44][45][46][47], a good number of biomass like the cow hoof that could be viable energy sources have not been explored. Cows are the commonest animals slaughtered in abattoirs in different parts of the world [48].…”