Recent Advances in the Application and Mechanism of Carbon Dots/Metal‐Organic Frameworks Hybrids in Photocatalysis and the Detection of Environmental Pollutants

Abstract

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are a class of crystalline porous materials with simple synthesis conditions, large specific surface area, structural diversity, and a wide range of interesting properties. The integration of MOFs with other materials can provide new multifunctional composites that exhibit both component properties and new characteristics. In recent years, the integration of carbon dots (CDs) into MOFs to form composites has shown improved optical properties and fascinating new characteristics. This review focuses on the design and synthesis strategies of CDs@MOFs composites (including pore-confined synthesis, in situ encapsulation, post-synthesis modification and impregnation method) and their recent research progress in photocatalysis and detection of environmental pollutants. Both the achievements and problems are evaluated and proposed, and the opportunities and challenges of CDs@MOF composite are discussed.

Post-synthesis modification of metal–organic frameworks: synthesis, characteristics, and applications

“…Post-synthetic modified rare earth MOFs have been successfully used for the detection of metal ions, 40,131–133 toxic anions, 40,134 bilirubin, 135 and anthrax biomarkers. 136 After covalently incorporating specific functional groups, these post-synthetic modified MOFs could further detect harmful organic molecules, 137–141 total iron in a food matrix, 142 carbon dioxide, 37 and biomolecules for clinical diagnosis. 143–145 Typical post-synthesis modified MOFs for sensor applications are listed below.…”

Synthesis, applications and biosafety evaluation of carbon dots derived from herbal medicine

“…Based on this finding, it was first synthesized in 2006 by Sun et al [3], who improved its quantum yield and named it as 'carbon dots' scientifically. Since then, due to its excellent characteristics in terms of good biocompatibility in contrast to the traditional semiconductor quantum dots [4], low toxicity [5], resistance to photo-bleaching [6], low cost and other outstanding physicochemical properties [7,8], CDs have shown enormous potentials for biomedical and gained widely used [9]. Many researches have demonstrated the applications of CDs for cell imaging [10,11], cancer therapy [12][13][14][15], protein and biomarkers [16,17], drug delivery [18] and disease detection [19].…”