Recent Advances in SELEX Technology and Aptamer Applications in Biomedicine

Zhang, Zhuo; Yu, Yuanyuan; Wang, Maolin; Li, Jie; Zhang, Zongkang; Liu, Jin; Wu, Xiaohao; Lu, Aiping; Zhang, Ge; Zhang, Bao-Ting

doi:10.3390/ijms18102142

Cited by 319 publications

(190 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Aptamers are single-stranded nucleic acid molecules that specifically bind to the target molecules and are widely used in diagnosis, as target delivery agents, and for therapeutic purposes [90]. The process of selecting aptamers is called systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX).…”

Section: Optical and Piezoelectric Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and molecular rapid diagnostic tests for Toxoplasma infection in humans and animals

Khan

Noordin

2019

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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Infection by Toxoplasma gondii is prevalent worldwide. The parasite can infect a broad spectrum of vertebrate hosts, but infection of fetuses and immunocompromised patients is of particular concern. Easy-to-perform, robust, and highly sensitive and specific methods to detect Toxoplasma infection are important for the treatment and management of patients. Rapid diagnostic methods that do not sacrifice the accuracy of the assay and give reproducible results in a short time are highly desirable. In this context, rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), especially with point-of-care (POC) features, are promising diagnostic methods in clinical microbiology laboratories, especially in areas with minimal laboratory facilities. More advanced methods using microfluidics and sensor technology will be the future trend. In this review, we discuss serological and molecular-based rapid diagnostic tests for detecting Toxoplasma infection in humans as well as animals.

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Section: Optical and Piezoelectric Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and molecular rapid diagnostic tests for Toxoplasma infection in humans and animals

Khan

Noordin

2019

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Together, these factors allow the use of relatively weak-binding capture reagents (Kd = 10-1000 nM), in contrast to conventional approaches, which require highly-optimized probes with sub-nanomolar affinity such as ultra-high-affinity antibody, whose production is non-trivial and not feasible for some biomarker targets. This finding is significant as it opens up the possibility to use commonly overlooked affinity reagents, such as aptamers, in quantitative single-molecule sensing, the production of which through SELEX [30][31][32] and chemical synthesis is fast and inexpensive.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct digital sensing of protein biomarkers in solution

Krainer

Saar

Arter

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Highly sensitive detection of proteins is of central importance to biomolecular analysis and diagnostics. Conventional protein sensing assays, such as ELISAs, remain reliant on surface-immobilization of target molecules and multi-step washing protocols for the removal of unbound affinity reagents. These features constrain parameter space in assay design, resulting in fundamental limitations due to the underlying thermodynamics and kinetics of the immunoprobe–analyte interaction. Here, we present a new experimental paradigm for the quantitation of protein analytes through the implementation of an immunosensor assay that operates fully in solution and realizes rapid removal of excess probe prior to detection without the need of washing steps. Our single-step optofluidic approach, termed digital immunosensor assay (DigitISA), is based on microfluidic electrophoretic separation combined with single-molecule laser-induced fluorescence microscopy and enables calibration-free in-solution protein detection and quantification within seconds. Crucially, the solution-based nature of our assay and the resultant possibility to use arbitrarily high probe concentrations combined with its fast operation timescale enables quantitative binding of analyte molecules regardless of the capture probe affinity, opening up the possibility to use relatively weak-binding affinity reagents such as aptamers. We establish and validate the DigitISA platform by probing a biomolecular biotin–streptavidin binding complex and demonstrate its applicability to biomedical analysis by quantifying IgE–aptamer binding. We further use DigitISA to detect the presence of α-synuclein fibrils, a biomarker for Parkinson’s disease, using a low-affinity aptamer at high probe concentration. Taken together, DigitISA presents a fundamentally new route to surface-free specificity, increased sensitivity, and reduced complexity in state-of-the-art protein detection and biomedical analysis.

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“…DNA aptamers generated via systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) assay have widely been used for specific cancer targeting applications . There are numerous single stranded (ss) DNA aptamers, called SOMAmers, that have been generated by SomaLogic Inc using various SELEX methodology to target about 1100 proteins with receptor, hormone, and kinase functionalities.…”

Section: Dna Aptamers For Targeting Cancer Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advancing Aptamers as Molecular Probes for Cancer Theranostic Applications—The Role of Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Jeevanandam

Tan

Danquah

et al. 2020

Biotechnology Journal

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Theranostics cover emerging technologies for cell biomarking for disease diagnosis and targeted introduction of drug ingredients to specific malignant sites. Theranostics development has become a significant biomedical research endeavor for effective diagnosis and treatment of diseases, especially cancer. An efficient biomarking and targeted delivery strategy for theranostic applications requires effective molecular coupling of binding ligands with high affinities to specific receptors on the cancer cell surface. Bioaffinity offers a unique mechanism to bind specific target and receptor molecules from a range of non‐targets. The binding efficacy depends on the specificity of the affinity ligand toward the target molecule even at low concentrations. Aptamers are fragments of genetic materials, peptides, or oligonucleotides which possess enhanced specificity in targeting desired cell surface receptor molecules. Aptamer–target binding results from several inter‐molecular interactions including hydrogen bond formation, aromatic stacking of flat moieties, hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic, and van der Waals interactions. Advancements in Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX) assay has created the opportunity to artificially generate aptamers that specifically bind to desired cancer and tumor surface receptors with high affinities. This article discusses the potential application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to advance aptamer‐mediated receptor targeting in targeted cancer therapy. MD simulation offers real‐time analysis of the molecular drivers of the aptamer‐receptor binding and generate optimal receptor binding conditions for theranostic applications. The article also provides an overview of different cancer types with focus on receptor biomarking and targeted treatment approaches, conventional molecular probes, and aptamers that have been explored for cancer cells targeting.

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Recent Advances in SELEX Technology and Aptamer Applications in Biomedicine

Cited by 319 publications

References 118 publications

Serological and molecular rapid diagnostic tests for Toxoplasma infection in humans and animals

Serological and molecular rapid diagnostic tests for Toxoplasma infection in humans and animals

Direct digital sensing of protein biomarkers in solution

Advancing Aptamers as Molecular Probes for Cancer Theranostic Applications—The Role of Molecular Dynamics Simulation

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