Recent Advances in Multidimensional (1D, 2D, and 3D) Composite Sensors Derived from MXene: Synthesis, Structure, Application, and Perspective

Abstract

Moreover, a study from the World Health Organization (WHO) emphasized that death due to heart diseases and diabetes is still an upward trend and expected to be the first and seventh leading causes of death, respectively, by 2030. [16] Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment is urgently on demand. [12,17] A variety of human health-detection devices, intelligent wearable devices, and medical intelligent devices as efficient strategies have been emerging and making a big difference in daily life, [18][19][20][21][22][23] making it higher efficient, more accurate, more timely than traditional detection techniquesIn the meanwhile, sensors, as a vital component in intelligent detection devices quickly bloom to meet the requirement of high sensitivity, wide detection range, and stable response sensing capability. Sensors work through transforming external stimulus including biological, chemical, and physical changes into electrical signals changes. According to their respective work mechanism, sensors can be classified into the following several categories: piezoresistive, [24][25][26] piezoelectric, [27][28][29] frictional, [30] and capacitive. [31][32][33][34] Among them, piezoresistive sensors have attracted extensive concern for its simple structure, low cost, and easy signal acquisition, further being applied to the field of wearable detection devices. [35,36] It works by transforming external stimulus into visual electrical signals, and the change of resistance is generated by microscopic deformations of its own structure. [37][38][39][40] From sensors functional point of view, sensors can also be divided into strain sensors, [39,[41][42][43][44] stress sensors, [45,46] humidity sensors, [47] gas sensors, [41,48,49] temperature sensors, [50] and so on. On the present overall view, the key issue focuses on how to realize ideal sensors compatible with high sensitivity, wide detection range, ultralow response time, ultralow detection limitation, superb linearity, and cyclic stability. [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60] What is noteworthy is that conductive materials interacting with other substances have been considered as an extremely efficient strategy to realize high sensing performance, being able to give out fast response reacting to outer tiny changes. Currently, aiming to endow sensors superb sensitivity and wide sensing range, flexible substrates for sensors commonly choose polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer (SEBS), and silicone rubber and other high elastic polymer materials. [37,57,61,62] Then, the composite sensor is fabricated successfully by different preparation techniques including With the advent of the era of intelligent manufacturing, sensors, with various detection objects, have set off a wave of enthusiasm and reached new heights in medical treatment, intelligent industry, daily life, and so on. MXene, as an emerging family of 2D transition metal carbides/nitrides, possesses impressive electrical conductivity, outstanding structural controllability, ...

Recent Advances in Carbon Material‐Based Multifunctional Sensors and Their Applications in Electronic Skin Systems

“…[96] The emergence of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene has attracted increasing attention in the field of multifunction sensing in light of its superior metal conductivity and mechanical property. [97] In recent years, it has been gradually proposed as a conductive filler for pressure and strain sensing, which has significant application potential in flexible electronics. Yuan et al designed a flexible and stretchable pressure-strain sensor based on an interlocking network structured Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene/PU mat.…”

An Assessment of MXenes through Scanning Probe Microscopy

“…These hybrids can be employed further in hydrogen production; hence, in the various electrocatalytic, and sensing applications. [ 12 ]…”

“…These hybrids can be employed further in hydrogen production; hence, in the various electrocatalytic, and sensing applications. [12] Huang et al have generalized the Lewis acid etching route to replace A in the MAX phase with various elements such as Zn, Ga, Si, etc. by simply adjusting the precursor's chemistry and the molten compositions.…”

Lightweight, Robust, Conductive Composite Fibers Based on MXene@Aramid Nanofibers as Sensors for Smart Fabrics

“…Despite the good property and advanced functions as expected, pure MXene fibers are still confronting with inferior mechanical strength that resulted from their own brittleness. 42 They also face the puzzle of easy oxidation, especially under common circumstances of moisture and high temperature.…”

“…Besides, Gogotsi et al prepared continuous and scalable MXene-infiltrated nanoyarns by bath electrospinning, which present great potential in a wide range of fields, including human movement monitoring. Despite the good property and advanced functions as expected, pure MXene fibers are still confronting with inferior mechanical strength that resulted from their own brittleness . They also face the puzzle of easy oxidation, especially under common circumstances of moisture and high temperature.…”