Recent Advances in MOF-Based Adsorbents for Dye Removal from the Aquatic Environment

Abstract

The adsorptive removal of dyes from industrial wastewater using commercially available adsorbents is not significantly efficient. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) offer outstanding properties which can boost the separation performance over current commercial adsorbents and hence, these materials represent a milestone in improving treatment methods for dye removal from water. Accordingly, in this paper, the recent studies in the modification of MOF structures in dye removal from the aquatic environment have been discussed. This study aims to elaborate on the synthetic strategies applied to improve the adsorption efficiency and to discuss the major adsorption mechanisms as well as the most influential parameters in the adsorptive removal of dyes using MOFs. More particularly, the advanced separation performance of MOF-based adsorbents will be comprehensively explained. The introduction of various functional groups and nanomaterials, such as amine functional groups, magnetic nanoparticles, and carbon-based materials such as graphene oxide and CNT, onto the MOFs can alter the removal efficiency of MOF-based adsorbents through enhancing the water stability, dispersion in water, interactions between the MOF structure and the contaminant, and the adsorption capacity. Finally, we summarize the challenges experienced by MOF-based materials for dye removal from water and propose future research outlooks to be considered.

Stilbene ligand‐based metal–organic frameworks for efficient dye adsorption and nitrobenzene detection

“…Among them, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown competitive adsorptive performance with the advantages of low cost, high removal efficiency, and recyclability. 3 In addition to dye contamination, hazardous explosive materials produced in various chemical industries also present contamination issues. The released combustible materials can react with light, heat, and pressure, causing significant damage.…”

“…As efficient adsorbents, porous materials, including zeolites and activated carbon, have received attention for removing organic pollutants. Among them, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown competitive adsorptive performance with the advantages of low cost, high removal efficiency, and recyclability 3 …”

Adsorption efficacy of functionalized Cu-BDC MOFs tethered 2-mercaptobenzimidazole analogue: A comparative study

“…MOFs are the new alternate adsorbents with cost-effective, high thermal stability, change of porosity size, and metal sites [ 12 ]. Several organic linkers which consist of heterocyclic compounds like pyridine, pyrazole, imidazole, and triazole rings along with the carboxyl group play a vital role to establish hydrogen bonding; also, a π−π stacking interaction sites between MOFs and the organic pollutant, therefore, enables adsorption process [ 13 ]. In the literature survey, a comparative study on the adsorption efficiency of Mn-UiO-66, GONH2, and Mn-UiO-66@GO-NH 2 composites revealed that CR adsorption was 243.08, 292.99, and 486.17 mg/g respectively for 120 min with 50 mL of 100 ppm Congo red and 10 mg of adsorbents [ 14 ].…”

Bifunctional Self-Penetrating Co(II)-Based 3D MOF for High-Performance Environmental and Energy Storage Applications

“…Utilizing different MOFs as adsorbents and photocatalysts, some of which have just been described, is one potential method. 43 Supercapacitors are one such electrochemical device that has surfaced with the potential to enable significant advancement in energy storage. 47−49 Due to the structural flexibility of MOFs, studies on direct application as supercapacitor electrodes are uncommon and difficult.…”

“…It is still a big challenge to make MOF photocatalysts that are stable, reasonable, and efficacious. Utilizing different MOFs as adsorbents and photocatalysts, some of which have just been described, is one potential method. − …”