Recent Advances in Imidazolium-Based Dicationic Ionic Liquids as Organocatalysts: A Mini-Review

Abstract

Imidazolium-based dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) are gaining considerable space in the field of organocatalysis mainly due to the opportunities in offering new possible applicable structural variations. In addition to the well-known variables which made the ionic liquids (ILs) famous as the type of cation and anion used, the nature of the molecular spacer moiety turns out a further possibility to improve some physicochemical properties, for example, solubility, acidity, electrochemical behavior, and so on. For this reason, this class of ionic liquids has been considered as possible competitors to their corresponding monocationic salts in replacing common catalysts in organic synthesis, particularly in cases in which their bidentate nature could positively affect the catalytic activity. This mini-review is intended to highlight the progress carried out in the last six years in the field of organocatalysis, including DILs as such and as hybrids with polymers, nanomaterials, and composites.

Novel imidazolium-thiohydantoin hybrids and their Mn(iii) complexes for antimicrobial and anti-liver cancer applications

“…11 Because of their adjustable features and capacity to ne-tune biological potential, imidazolium ionic liquids (IMILs) have a wide variety of applications. 28,29 Because of their tunable toxicity, IMILs have drawn considerable attention as antimicrobials. So far, investigations on the antimicrobial direct use of IMILs have shown promising outcomes, although they are still in their infancy.…”

Physico‐Chemical Properties of Magnetic Dicationic Ionic Liquids with Tetrahaloferrate Anions

“…For example, their melting points and other physicochemical properties can also be manipulated greatly by forming either symmetric [21] or asymmetric cations. [22] Imidazolium-based DcILs, due to many applicable structural variations and improved physicochemical properties, [23] have gained significant importance in the field of organic synthesis, [24] electro-membrane extraction, [25] catalysis, [26] and lithium ion batteries [27] while the DcILs with transition-metalcontaining anions exhibit strong magnetic response, [28] offer new supramolecular architecture and potential applications arising from their magnetic properties (magnetic fluids, [29] transport and separation of magnetic materials [30] ), and absorbent liquids to lubrication [31] and catalysis. [32] Here, we describe magnetic dicationic ionic liquids, consisting of a high-spin d 5 iron(III) system in the form of [FeCl 3 Br] À as paramagnetic counter anion which is also responsible for lowering the melting point while still permitting the tunability of many physicochemical properties with the retention of magnetic responsivity.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of New Lutidinium Ionic Liquid‐Supported Vanadylsalicylaldoxime Complex for Catalytic Application in Epoxidation Reaction

“…Functionalized ionic liquids, also known as task‐specific ionic liquids (TSILs), have gained popularity in recent years because their composition may be tailored to meet the needs of certain applications in terms of the physical, chemical, and biological qualities they must exhibit [5] . They investigated their potential usefulness in several fields, such as organic synthesis, [6,7] nanomaterial's preparation, [8] catalysis, [9] oxidative desulfurization, [10] biological samples and metal ions extraction, [11,12] electrochemistry, [13] active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), [14] and so on [3] . Recently, we have designed and prepared TSILs capable of performing specific functions like scavenging heavy metal ions and primary amines from aqueous effluents [15–18] and chemical sensing [19,20] …”