Recent advances in fermented feeds towards improved broiler chicken performance, gastrointestinal tract microecology and immune responses: A review

Abstract

Previously, fermentation has been associated with methods that improve the nutritional value of unconventional feed ingredients for broilers. In recent decades, the fermentation process has been employed to produce functional feeds that have the potential to improve broiler gastrointestinal tract microecology, health and production performance. Some of the functional ingredients found in fermented feed include lactic acid bacteria (LAB), lactic acid and other organic acids, and appear to play major roles in determining the beneficial effects of fermented feed on broiler gut health and performance. Unlike the pig, the available literature on broiler fermented feed is still rather limited. This review describes recent advances in the use of fermented feed (on the basis of conventional and unconventional feed ingredients) in broilers. Similarly, this review also shows that additional research is necessary to exploit fermented feed as a viable food source in broiler nutrition.

Growth Performance, Haematological Parameters, Intestinal Microbiology, and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens Fed Two-Stage Fermented Cassava Pulp during Finishing Phase

“…The latter authors inferred that higher fibre content in the diet containing greater FCP may limit the nutrient digestibility and retention and thus decrease growth capacity of broilers. Sugiharto & Ranjitkar (2019) recently noticed a wide variation in the effect of fermented feed on growth performance of broilers. Such variation may be due to the differences in the contents of protein, fibre and other nutritional metrics in the fermented feeds that eventually affect the nutrient utilization by the chickens.…”

“…With the removal of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) from broiler feed, nutritionists are now searching for alternatives that can control pathogenic microorganisms and promote growth rate of broilers. Among the alternatives, fermented feed has attracted considerable interest as a substitute for AGP (Sugiharto & Ranjitkar, 2019). In this respect, two-stage fermentation of cassava pulp using Ch.…”

A Review on Fungal Fermented Cassava Pulp as a Cheap Alternative Feedstuff in Poultry Ration

“…Fermentation is a simple process using microorganisms to break down the complex substrates into simpler components (Sugiharto and Ranjitkar, 2019). Eventually, the degraded compounds maybe utilized maximally by the chickens.…”

“…Fermented products have been attributed to functional properties such as higher lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and organic acids contents. These properties make FCP beneficial for the health of the gastrointestinal tract of chickens (Sugiharto and Ranjitkar, 2019). Regarding to the effect of FCP on chicken health, the published data are still scarce.…”

“…The capacity of LAB and organic acids in controlling the proliferation of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as coliform may be responsible for the reduced population of such pathogenic bacteria in the intestine of chickens fed FCP. To increase the functionality of fermented products, fermentation using probiotic microorganisms (as starter inoculum) has been conducted (Sugiharto and Ranjitkar, 2019). In this respect, fermented products may not only have improved nutritional qualities, but also contain higher numbers of probiotic microorganisms.…”