Recent advances in detection of AGEs: Immunochemical, bioanalytical and biochemical approaches

Ashraf, Jalaluddin M.; Ahmad, Saheem; Choi, Inho; Ahmad, Naveed; Farhan, Mohd; Godovikova, Tatyana S.; Shahab, Uzma

doi:10.1002/iub.1450

Cited by 88 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(135 reference statements)

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“…Mass spectrometry-based techniques represent a key method in identifying protein adducts and the specific site of modification but their use is still limited in routine clinical analysis [210, 211]. To address this, AGEs' assays are mostly based on the use of specific antibodies or spectrofluorimetric measurements based on the fluorescent properties of AGEs [212, 213]. Although promising results came from studies on skin autofluorescence in diabetic patients [214, 215], the serum fluorescence AGE (F-AGE) method did not distinguish women with gestational diabetes from the healthy controls [216].…”

Section: Markers Based On Ros-induced Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

619

500

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Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants. We aim to discuss the major methodological bias of methods used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. There is a lack of consensus concerning the validation, standardization, and reproducibility of methods for the measurement of the following: (1) ROS in leukocytes and platelets by flow cytometry, (2) markers based on ROS-induced modifications of lipids, DNA, and proteins, (3) enzymatic players of redox status, and (4) total antioxidant capacity of human body fluids. It has been suggested that the bias of each method could be overcome by using indexes of oxidative stress that include more than one marker. However, the choice of the markers considered in the global index should be dictated by the aim of the study and its design, as well as by the clinical relevance in the selected subjects. In conclusion, the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.

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Section: Markers Based On Ros-induced Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Marrocco

Altieri

Peluso

2017

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

619

500

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“…Since CML was first discovered as an AGE, various types of AGEs have been identified and reported, and detailed information about AGEs has been accumulated thus far (Nagai et al, 2014;Ashraf et al, 2015;Nowotny et al, 2015). Information about Amadori products, which are recognized as early glycation products, has also been accumulated similar to AGEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Varying Dietary Protein Levels on Glycation of Albumin, Tryptophan and Valine in the Plasma of Chickens

et al. 2017

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Glycation is a chemical reaction in which reducing sugars bind non-enzymatically to compounds containing amino groups. Avian species like chickens are hyperglycemic animals and have high body temperature compared to mammalian species, which enables avian species to accelerate the glycation of proteins and amino acids with glucose. Although varying dietary crude protein (CP) levels alter plasma concentrations of proteins and amino acids, the influence of varying CP levels on the glycation of plasma proteins and amino acids has not been studied so far. In the present study, therefore, glycation of albumin, tryptophan and valine in the plasma of chickens fed diets with varying CP levels (0, 10, 20, 40 and 60%) was examined. At the end of the experimental period, blood samples were collected and plasma concentrations of glycoalbumin, glycated tryptophan (tryptophan-Amadori product and (1R, 3S) -1 -(D -gluco -1, 2, 3, 4, 5 -pentahydroxypentyl) -1, 2, 3, 4 -tetrahydro -β -carboline -3 -carboxylic acid (PHP-THβC)), and valine-Amadori product were measured. Although plasma albumin concentration was reduced along with the decrease in dietary CP levels from 20% to 0%, glycoalbumin in the plasma was increased under such dietary conditions. Similar increase in the ratios of tryptophan-Amadori product to tryptophan and valine-Amadori product to valine in the plasma of chickens fed a protein-free diet was observed. These results suggest that dietary protein deficiency might enhance the non-enzymatic glycation of plasma proteins and amino acids in chickens.

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“…The Amadori products then undergo further structural rearrangements and modifications through oxidative and nonoxidative pathways or through polymerization. The result is a group of highly stable, irreversible AGEs being formed . When AGEs undergo oxidation, they are referred to as glycoxidation products .…”

Section: Advanced Glycation End Products (Ages)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The result is a group of highly stable, irreversible AGEs being formed. 4 When AGEs undergo oxidation, they are referred to as glycoxidation products. 7 The above describes AGE formation through the Maillard reaction.…”

Section: Formation Of Advanced Glycation End Products (Ages)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An accumulation of AGEs has been linked to various pathological states that occur during ageing, such as cardiovascular, neurological, and eye diseases . Hyperglycemia accelerates AGE formation, and therefore enhanced AGE levels have been associated with several complications related to diabetes mellitus . AGEs can alter protein structure and function by forming cross‐links with proteins, and when AGEs bind to receptors, they affect important cell signalling pathways resulting in apoptosis, inflammation, and activation of transcription factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The link between advanced glycation end products and apoptosis in delayed wound healing

Shaikh-Kader

Houreld

Rajendran

et al. 2019

Cell Biochemistry & Function

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Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are naturally occurring molecules that start to accumulate from embryonic developmental stages and form as part of normal ageing. When reducing sugars interact with and modify proteins or lipids, AGE production occurs. AGE formation accelerates in chronic hyperglycemic conditions, and high AGE levels have been associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. In addition, enhanced levels of AGEs have been linked to delayed wound healing as seen in patients with diabetes mellitus. Research has provided numerous ways in which a high AGE concentration results in impaired wound healing, including oxidative stress, structural and functional changes to proteins important in wound repair, an enhanced inflammatory response by activation of transcription factors, and possible exaggerated apoptosis of cells necessary to the wound repair process. Apoptosis is a naturally occurring cell death process that is significant for normal tissue functioning and plays an important role in wound repair by preventing a prolonged inflammatory response and excessive scar formation. Abnormal apoptosis affects wound healing, resulting in slow healing wounds. This review will summarize the role of AGEs in wound healing, focusing on the mechanisms by which AGEs lead to apoptosis in various cell types. The review provides the way forward for medical research and molecular studies as it focuses on the mechanisms by which AGEs induce apoptosis in various cell types, including fibroblasts, osteoblasts, neuronal cells, and endothelial cells. Reviewing the mechanisms of AGE‐linked apoptosis is important in understanding the impact of high AGE levels in delayed wound healing in diabetic patients due to abnormal apoptosis of cells necessary to the wound healing process.

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Recent advances in detection of AGEs: Immunochemical, bioanalytical and biochemical approaches

Cited by 88 publications

References 103 publications

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans

Influence of Varying Dietary Protein Levels on Glycation of Albumin, Tryptophan and Valine in the Plasma of Chickens

The link between advanced glycation end products and apoptosis in delayed wound healing

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