Recent advances, challenges and prospects in ternary organic solar cells

Zhao, Congcong; Wang, Jiuxing; Zhao, Xuanyi; Du, Ziyun; Yang, Renqiang; Tang, Jianguo

doi:10.1039/d0nr07788g

Cited by 104 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…Ternary blend strategy has been proven to be an effective way to improve PCEs of OSCs by reasonably selecting different donors and acceptors. [ 31–33 ] Typically speaking, ternary OSCs include two configurations: one donor/two acceptors (D:A1:A2) [ 34–36 ] and two donors/one acceptor (D1:D2:A). [ 37–39 ] The introduction of a third component into the binary system usually can broaden the absorption, adjust the energy levels, and more importantly improve the morphology of blend films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary Strategy Enabling High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells with Optimized Film Morphology and Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Solar RRL

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Ternary strategy has been demonstrated to be an effective way to improve power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single‐junction organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, high‐efficiency ternary OSCs are fabricated based on the PBDB‐T:DO‐2F binary system and acceptor IDTT‐OB with asymmetric side chains as the third component. The introduction of nonfullerene acceptors (NFAs) IDTT‐OB as a third component can efficiently increase the compatibility of the ternary system, reduce the crystallinity of DO‐2F, optimize the blend film morphology, improve the charge transport and collection, suppress the bimolecular recombination, and reduce the nonradiative energy loss (ΔEnonrad). Finally, the PBDB‐T:DO‐2F:IDTT‐OB‐based ternary device exhibits a high PCE of 14.09% with Voc of 0.87 V, Jsc of 21.47 mA cm−2, and fill factor of 75.70%, which is about 30% higher than the corresponding PBDB‐T:DO‐2F‐ and PBDB‐T:IDTT‐OB‐based binary devices. Meanwhile, the ternary device also achieves a very low ΔEnonrad of 0.22 eV. This work indicates that the ternary strategy can effectively optimize morphology of active layer, reduce nonradiative energy loss, and further improve photovoltaic performance of OSCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ternary Strategy Enabling High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells with Optimized Film Morphology and Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

Solar RRL

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“…[34] Despite great achievements made in recent years on OSCs, the insufficient photon harvesting is still a limitation to the PCE improvement in the single BHJ (combination of one D and one A) OSCs due to the intrinsically narrow absorption window of organic materials. To improve the photon harvesting of the active layer, the ternary OSCs [35][36][37][38][39][40] and tandem OSCs [41,42] have been successfully used. Tandem OSCs need a complex fabrication process and difficult intermediate layer processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incorporation of a Guaiacol‐Based Small Molecule Guest Donor Enables Efficient Nonfullerene Acceptor‐Based Ternary Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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To improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the organic solar cells (OSCs), it is necessary to widen the absorption profile of the active layer. It is possible by using a ternary active layer consisting of either two donors (D) and one acceptor (A) or two acceptors and one donor having complementary absorption and appropriate frontier energy levels for efficient exciton generation and their dissociation into free charge carriers and subsequent charge/energy transfer. Herein, a large bandgap guaiacol‐based small molecule (SMD) is used as guest donor in ternary OSCs to improve the PCE and suppress the energy loss. SMD exhibits a lager bandgap and deeper highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level compared with conjugated polymer donor (P). Therefore, the HOMO energy level is effectively down‐shifted when P is mixed with SMD, which is beneficial for attaining high open circuit voltage (VOC). OSCs based on the optimized ternary blend P:SMD:Y6 (0.8:0.2:1.2, w/w) after solvent vapor annealing attained a higher VOC of 0.85 V and low energy loss of 0.51 eV compared with the binary device P:Y6 (1:1.2, w/w) with VOC of 0.81 V and energy loss of 0.55 eV, delivering an overall PCE of 15.37%.

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“…So far, many strategies have been developed to improve the performance of OSCs, such as the synthesis of high-efficiency photoelectric materials [ 5 , 6 ], optimization of blend film morphology [ 7 ], tandem cell approach [ 8 ] and so on. Therein, ternary organic solar cells (TOSCs) have an active layer composed of three light-collecting materials with a wide complementary range of light absorption similar to tandem cells but with a simple structure design which makes them attract widespread attention [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The working mechanism of TOSCs is summarized as charge transfer, energy transfer or as parallel-connected tandem cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergetic Effect of Different Carrier Dynamics in Pm6:Y6:ITIC-M Ternary Cascade Energy Level System

Song

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Although reported ternary polymer solar cells have higher power conversion efficiency than binary polymers, the mechanism of exciton separation and charge transport in this complex ternary system is still unclear. Herein, based on PM6:Y6:ITIC-M ternary solar cells, we combine the technique of luminescence spectroscopy, including electroluminescence (EL) and photoluminescence (PL) with photovoltaic measurements, to understand clearly the detailed roles of ITIC-M as the third component in the contribution of device performance. The results show that ITIC-M can form the alloy-like composite with Y6 but leave individual Y6 acceptor to conduct charge transfer with PM6 donor, which improves Voc but decreases Jsc because of poor charge transfer capacity of ITIC-M. Meanwhile, the energy transfer from PM6 to ITIC-M exists in the active layers; small IE suppresses exciton dissociation. Deteriorating performance of solar cells demonstrates that, except for complementary absorption spectrum and suitable energy levels in PM6:Y6:ITIC-M system, the synergetic effects of carrier dynamics among different organic materials play an important role in influencing the performance of ternary solar cells.

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Recent advances, challenges and prospects in ternary organic solar cells

Abstract: This work presents a complete summary of recent advances in ternary organic solar cells, highlighting the relationships among the molecular structure, component weight ratio, active layer morphology and photovoltaic performance.

Cited by 104 publications

References 151 publications

Ternary Strategy Enabling High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells with Optimized Film Morphology and Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss

Ternary Strategy Enabling High‐Performance Organic Solar Cells with Optimized Film Morphology and Reduced Nonradiative Energy Loss

Incorporation of a Guaiacol‐Based Small Molecule Guest Donor Enables Efficient Nonfullerene Acceptor‐Based Ternary Organic Solar Cells

Synergetic Effect of Different Carrier Dynamics in Pm6:Y6:ITIC-M Ternary Cascade Energy Level System

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