Recent Advances and Perspectives in the Copper‐Catalysed Amination of Aryl and Heteroaryl Halides

Abstract

Coupling reactions form an important class of reactions in organic synthesis and these reactions are usually catalysed by metals and are of great significance. Copper due to its versatility and low toxicity has always gained much attention. This first review on copper‐catalysed amination of aryl and heteroaryl halides summarises the developments in this area and covers literature upto 2019.

Synthesis of MAPA Reagents and 2-Alkyl(aryl)aminopyridines from 2-Bromopyridine Using the Goldberg Reaction

“…Although there are now several methods that use alkyl- or arylamines in cross-coupling reactions with 2-halopyridines [ 21 ], many require an excess of the amine component or may not be amenable to large-scale synthesis. The method described here uses one equivalent of stable formamides that are commercially available or can be easily prepared at low cost.…”

Synthesis, In Vitro Cytotoxicity, and DFT Studies of Novel 2‐Amino Substituted Benzonaphthyridines as PDK1 Inhibitors

“…Recently [34] various metal catalyzed reactions of aryl halide with amine have been developed [35–43] . A comprehensive review of the literature points out that the reaction of 2,4‐dichlorobenzonaphthyridines were aimed to get substituted naphthyridines having biological activity one among them is the amination reaction involving aliphatic and aromatic amines thereby deriving the respective aliphatic and aromatic aminonaphthyridines.…”

“…The significant role of PDK-1 in naphthyridine analogues plays a key signaling pathways involved in the evolution of cancer prompted us to investigate the use of PDK-1 inhibitors as anticancer agents. [12,33] Recently [34] various metal catalyzed reactions of aryl halide with amine have been developed. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43] A comprehensive review of the literature points out that the reaction of 2,4-dichlorobenzonaphthyridines were aimed to get substituted naphthyridines having biological activity one among them is the amination reaction involving aliphatic and aromatic amines thereby deriving the respective aliphatic and aromatic aminonaphthyridines.…”

Efficient synthesis of benzo[h]carbazol[3,2‐b][1,6]naphthyridines

“…Among the various catalyst used for amination reaction, copper-based catalysis forms C-N bonds that are more expensive, less hazardous, and more ecological than other transition metal catalysis procedures [6]. As a result of this, the amination of aryl halides by CuI has received a lot of attention.…”