Recent advancements in prosthetic hand technology

Abstract

Recently, significant advances over the past decade have been made in robotics, artificial intelligence and other cognitive related fields, allowing development of highly sophisticated bio-mimetic robotics systems. In addition, enormous number of robots have been designed and assembled by explicitly realising their biological oriented behaviours. To enhance skill behaviours and adequate grasping abilities in these devices, a new phase of dexterous hands has been developed recently with bio-mimetically oriented and bio-inspired functionalities. The aim in writing this review paper is to present a detailed insight towards the development of the bio-mimetic based dexterous robotic multi-fingered artificial hand. An "ideal" upper limb prosthesis should be perceived as a part of their natural body by the amputee and should replicate sensory-motor capabilities of the amputated limb. Upper-limb amputations are most often the result of sudden trauma to the body, although they also can be caused by malignancy, congenital deficiencies and vascular diseases. This paper discusses the different bio-mimetic approaches using a framework that permits for a common description of biological and technical based hand manipulation behaviour. In particular, the review focuses on a number of developments in the inspired robotic systems. In conclusion, the study found that a huge amount of research efforts in terms of kinematics, dynamics, modelling and control methodologies are being put in to improve the present hand technology, thereby providing more functionality to the prosthetic limb of the amputee. This would improve their quality-of-life and help in performing activities of daily living (ADL) tasks with comparative ease in the near future.

Effect of Yoga on Physical and Physiological Parameters

“…Beginner's yoga includes mountain pose, downward facing dog, plank (Fig. 2), triangle, tree, warrior 1, warrior 2 [4], bhujangasana [15][16][17][18]. Focusing on the lower limb muscles the yoga given in the table 1 is selected.…”

A Review on Bionic Arm

“…This paradox of a limited number of individuals needing such specialised and sophisticated devices for medical care represents what prosthetics refer to as the ''upper extremity dilemma''. The decision is also influenced as on cost vs benefit of the device being developed [1].…”

Optical Read-out of Neural Activity in Mammalian Peripheral Axons: Calcium Signaling at Nodes of Ranvier

“…Sophisticated prostheses such as artificial hands 1 , 2 have the mechanical capability to largely substitute functionality in many biological systems. The largest barrier preventing true limb replacement is the lack of an adequate neural interface that enables full and intuitive control of prosthetic devices.…”