Recent Advance and Modification Strategies of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) in Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries

Abstract

In recent years, aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs) have attracted much attention due to their high safety, low cost, and environmental friendliness. Owing to the unique layered structure and more desirable layer spacing, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials are considered as the comparatively ideal cathode material of ZIBs which facilitate the intercalation/ deintercalation of hydrated Zn2+ between layers. However, some disadvantages limit their widespread application, such as low conductivity, low reversible capacity, and rapid capacity decline. In order to improve the electrochemical properties of TMDs, the corresponding modification methods for each TMDs material can be designed from the following modification strategies: defect engineering, intercalation engineering, hybrid engineering, phase engineering, and in-situ electrochemical oxidation. This paper summarizes the research progress of TMDs as cathode materials for ZIBs in recent years, discusses and compares the electrochemical properties of TMD materials, and classifies and introduces the modification methods of MoS2 and VS2. Meanwhile, the corresponding modification scheme is proposed to solve the problem of rapid capacity fading of WS2. Finally, the research prospect of other TMDs as cathodes for ZIBs is put forward.

Transition Metal Dichalcogenides for High−Performance Aqueous Zinc Ion Batteries

“…More importantly, due to the large interlayer spacing (0.62 nm), TMDs can ensure the diffusion of a larger radius of cations favorable as ZIB cathode materials. The year−on−year increase in the number of published articles is evidence of the growing interest in TMD materials for ZIBs (Figure 1c) [10].…”

“…Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), such as MoS 2 , WSe 2 , and VS 2 , have been considered as another promising cathode material in energy storage systems, benefitting from unique electrical properties and competitive layer spacing [10]. Compared with the above−mentioned cathode materials, TMDs process the unique hexagonal crystal structure and chemical stability, which may make TMDs exhibit better cycling performance.…”

Two‐Dimensional Materials Applied in Membranes of Redox Flow Battery

“…Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), for example MS 2 (M for transition metals), have sandwich structures, S−M−S structure with good chemical stability and mechanical stability [82] . Similar to graphene, TMDs are connected between layers by van der Waals forces, and have been successfully incorporated into the polymer matrix of IEM for their facile functionalization and large surface area providing abundant ion transfer sites [83,84] . As a typical TMD, molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) has been used in IEM extensively via some physical and chemical methods.…”

Recent Advances of Transition Metal Sulfides/Selenides Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries

“…[54] Recently, they have studied as host Zn 2+ ions due to their some merits of the tunable layer spacing for reversible Zn 2+ insertion/extraction, numerous edge sites and sulfur vacancies for large capacity, and the high polarizability of S 2− for fast ionic transfer. [55][56][57][58] The prepared methods and electrochemical properties of transition-metal disulfides cathode materials including molybdenum disulfide, vanadium disulfide, tungsten disulfide, titanium disulfide are systematically and comprehensively summarized and discussed in this section.…”

“…[ 77 ] Moreover, defects can change the local structure and charge distribution on the surface of cathodes for the reversible Zn 2+ insertion/extraction, which can prominently enhance the conductivity, cycle stability, and rate property of cathode materials. [ 57 ] Therefore, the introduction of defects in MoS 2 is a viable strategy to improve the electrochemical properties of MoS 2 cathode material in aqueous ZIBs.…”