Reassessment of temperature-humidity index for measuring heat stress in crossbred dairy cattle of a sub-tropical region

Jeelani, Rakhshan; Konwar, Dipanjali; Khan, Asma; Kumar, Dhirendra; Chakraborty, Dibyendu; Brahma, Biswajit

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2019.03.017

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Thus, those regions are identified as the most severely affected, with the longest duration of heat stress, in China. The surface temperatures of different body regions continue to rise with the increase of THI; the surface temperature of the head region can be above 40 • C, the surface temperatures of the neck, chest, and abdomen region close to 39 • C, and the surface temperatures of forelegs and rear legs can reach 37 • C [26]. The respiration rate of dairy cows increases significantly when the THI value exceeds 80 [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Risky Sites for Feeding Cattle in China Based on Temperature/Humidity Index

2020

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This study identifies risk areas for cattle husbandry based on temperature and a relative humidity index (THI) derived from climate data (1987 to 2016) at 839 meteorological stations in China using geostatistics (ordinary and indicator kriging) in the geographical information system (GIS). In general, monthly mean THI values were the highest in July and the lowest in January for all regions. The correlation analysis showed that there were negative relationships between THI values and latitude or elevation for the whole year (p < 0.01). The THI values were higher at low latitudes in coastal areas and at high latitudes in arid areas in summer. The healthy risk for cattle production varied depending on the time of the year and region. The study shows that cattle production is suitable throughout the whole year in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; from October to April for most areas, except the southern coastal areas; in May and September in Northeast China, North China, and parts of Northwest China; in June in Heilongjiang and Inner Mongolia. The information obtained in this study can provide a regional distribution of risk for the cattle industry in China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Risky Sites for Feeding Cattle in China Based on Temperature/Humidity Index

2020

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“…For example, Dikmen and Hansen (2009) using rectal temperature of lactating cows in some sub-tropical region showed that the correlation coefficient between THI1 and rectal temperature was around 0.51. Furthermore, Jeelani et al (2019) investigated the suitability of THI1 for measuring heat stress in crossbred dairy cattle in moderate to hot conditions and concluded that there were strong correlations between the THI1 and physiological, biochemical parameters, especially when the THI1 reached and crossed 80.…”

Section: Thermal Heat Stress Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Will dairy cattle production in West Africa be challenged by heat stress in the future?

et al. 2020

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This study focuses on heat stress conditions for dairy cattle production in West Africa under current and future climatic conditions. After testing the accuracy of the dynamically downscaled climate datasets for simulating the historical daily maximum temperature (Tmax) and relative humidity (RH) in West Africa for 50 meteorological stations, we used the dataset for calculating the temperature-humidity index (THI), i.e., an index indicating heat stress for dairy cattle on a daily scale. Calculations were made for the historical period (1981-2010) using the ERA-Interim reanalysis dataset, and for two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2100) using climate predictions of the GFDL-ESM2M, HadGEM2-ES, and MPI-ESM-MR Global Circulation Models (GCMs) under the RCP4.5 emission scenario. Here, we show that during the period from 1981 to 2010 for > 1/5 of the region of West Africa, the frequency of severe/danger heat events per year, i.e., events that result in significant decreases in productive and reproductive performances, increased from 11 to 29-38 days (significant at 95% confidence level). Most obvious changes were observed for the eastern and southeastern parts. Under future climate conditions periods with severe/danger heat stress events will increase further as compared with the historical period by 5-22% depending on the GCM used. Moreover, the average length of periods with severe/danger heat stress is expected to increase from 3 days in the historical period to~4-7 days by 2021-2050 and even to up to 10 days by 2071-2100. Based on the average results of three GCMs, by 2071-2100, around 22% of dairy cattle population currently living in this area is expected to experience around 70 days more of severe/danger heat stress (compare with the historical period), especially in the southern half of West Africa. The result is alarming, as it shows that dairy production systems in West Africa are jeopardized at large scale by climate change and that depending on the GCM used, milk production might decrease by 200-400 kg/year by 2071-2100 in around 1, 7, or 11%. Our study calls for the development of improved dairy cattle production systems with higher adaptive capacity in order to deal with expected future heat stress conditions.

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“…As global warming intensifying, heat stress (HS) in farm animals including the dairy cows becomes more problematic. When the temperature-humidity index (THI) value is greater than 72, dairy cows will have a decline in dry mater intake (DMI) or even refuse to eat, which leads to a decreased milk yield (MY) [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation on milk production performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolomics of lactating Holstein cows under heat stress

Ren

et al. 2021

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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Background: Heat stress (HS) becomes a serious threat to dairy cow industry in certain circumstances, Ncarbamylglutamate (NCG) is a novel feed additive that may be used to alleviate HS. However, the effects and mechanisms of NCG on dairy cows under HS are still unknown. A total of 48 Holstein dairy cows with similar days in milk (154.37±13.56 d), parity (1-3), and body condition score (BCS) were randomly divided into 4 groups of 12 animals each. Under HS, the cows were fed a TMR diet supplemented with 0 (control), 15, 20, 25 g of NCG/d per cow for 60 days. Milk production performance was recorded and serum parameters were examined. Meanwhile, metabolomics study of plasma based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was also applied to investigate metabolites and pathways in response to NCG supplementation.Results: Milk yield (MY) was increased but milk urine nitrogen (MUN) was reduced by the NCG treatment.Addition of 15 g of NCG/d increased the milk protein percentage (MPP) compared with the control. No effect of NCG was observed on dry matter intake (DMI), lactose percentage (LP), milk fat percentage (MFP) and somatic cell count (SCC). Serum glucose (GLU) levels in cows fed with 15, 20, 25 g of NCG/d were increased by 14.35%, 19.34% and 18.63% in comparison with the control. Meanwhile, the concentrations of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood ammonia (BA) were decreased with the addition of NCG. Results for antioxidant capacity and immune function showed bene cial effects of NCG, such as the increases in total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), IgG, IgM and IgA. Clear separations of plasma metabolic pro les between control and NCG groups were observed in the score plots. Sixteen different metabolites involved in metabolisms of amino acids, ketone bodies, butanoate and energy, as well as gut microbiome-derived metabolism were regulated by NCG supplementation.Conclusions: This study found that NCG treatment improved antioxidant capacity, immune function, production performance, and metabolic pro le of dairy cows under HS and provided new evidence for the better utilization of NCG.

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Reassessment of temperature-humidity index for measuring heat stress in crossbred dairy cattle of a sub-tropical region

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Risky Sites for Feeding Cattle in China Based on Temperature/Humidity Index

Temporal–Spatial Distribution of Risky Sites for Feeding Cattle in China Based on Temperature/Humidity Index

Will dairy cattle production in West Africa be challenged by heat stress in the future?

Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation on milk production performance, nutrient digestibility and blood metabolomics of lactating Holstein cows under heat stress

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