Rearrangement of sapA homologs with conserved and variable regions in Campylobacter fetus.

Tummuru, Murali K. R.; Blaser, Martin J.

doi:10.1073/pnas.90.15.7265

Cited by 60 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…fetus 23B, the promoter region of the S-layer gene sapA was found to be truncated (Fujita et al, 1997;Tummuru & Blaser, 1992). A Chi-like sequence located upstream of the S-layer gene, and most likely recognized by the RecBCD system of the cell, might be responsible for inactivation of the S-layer gene (Tummuru & Blaser, 1993). Loss of S-layer gene expression results in variation of antigenicity of Camp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The surface (S)-layer gene cspB of Corynebacterium glutamicum is transcriptionally activated by a LuxR-type regulator and located on a 6 kb genomic island absent from the type strain ATCC 13032

et al. 2006

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The surface (S)-layer gene region of the Gram-positive bacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 14067 was identified on fosmid clones, sequenced and compared with the genome sequence of C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, whose cell surface is devoid of an ordered S-layer lattice. A 5·97 kb DNA region that is absent from the C. glutamicum ATCC 13032 chromosome was identified. This region includes cspB, the structural gene encoding the S-layer protomer PS2, and six additional coding sequences. PCR experiments demonstrated that the respective DNA region is conserved in different C. glutamicum wild-type strains capable of S-layer formation. The DNA region is flanked by a 7 bp direct repeat, suggesting that illegitimate recombination might be responsible for gene loss in C. glutamicum ATCC 13032. Transfer of the cloned cspB gene restored the PS2− phenotype of C. glutamicum ATCC 13032, as confirmed by visualization of the PS2 proteins by SDS-PAGE and imaging of ordered hexagonal S-layer lattices on living C. glutamicum cells by atomic force microscopy. Furthermore, the promoter of the cspB gene was mapped by 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR and the corresponding DNA fragment was used in DNA affinity purification assays. A 30 kDa protein specifically binding to the promoter region of the cspB gene was purified. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprinting of the purified protein led to the identification of the putative transcriptional regulator Cg2831, belonging to the LuxR regulatory protein family. Disruption of the cg2831 gene in C. glutamicum resulted in an almost complete loss of PS2 synthesis. These results suggested that Cg2831 is a transcriptional activator of cspB gene expression in C. glutamicum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The surface (S)-layer gene cspB of Corynebacterium glutamicum is transcriptionally activated by a LuxR-type regulator and located on a 6 kb genomic island absent from the type strain ATCC 13032

et al. 2006

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“…1). A region of sequence identity (650 nucleotides (nt)), which contains a Chi-like sequence and a palindrome sequence (15 nt), is found in the 5'-part of each S-protein gene (Tummuru and Blaser, 1993). The recombination sites of the inverted segment are found within this identity region.…”

Section: S-layer Variation and Silent S-protein Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inversion of the segment containing the S-promoter leads to a switch in expression of the S-protein genes surrounding the inverted segment (Dworkin and Blaser, 1996). The chromosomal recombination which leads to the inversion is occurring somewhere in the 5'-identity region (600 nt; represented by dots) present in each of the S-protein genes (Tummuru and Blaser, 1993). Fig.…”

Section: S-layer Variation and Silent S-protein Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression, secretion and antigenic variation of bacterial S‐layer proteins

Boot

Pouwels

1996

Molecular Microbiology

119

108

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SummaryThe function of the S-layer, a regularly arranged structure on the outside of numerous bacteria, appears to be different for bacteria living in different environments. Almost no similarity exists between the primary sequences of S-proteins, although their amino acid composition is comparable. S-protein production is directed by single or multiple promoters in front of the S-protein gene, yielding stable mRNAs. Most bacteria secrete S-proteins via the general secretory pathway (GSP). Translocation of S-protein across the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria sometimes occurs by S-protein-specific branches of the GSP. O-polysaccharide side-chains of the lipopolysaccharide component of the cell wall of Gramnegative bacteria appear to function as receptors for attachment of the S-layer. Silent S-protein genes have been found in Campylo-bacter fetus and Lactobacillus acidophilus. These silent genes are placed in the expression site in a fraction of the bacterial population via inversion of a chromosomal segment.

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“…A gene (sapA) encoding the 97-kDa S-layer protein has been cloned (1), and it now is clear that both the wild type and spontaneous mutants lacking the S-layer proteins possess multiple sapA homologs (25). In a single strain, in vitro antigenic shift was associated with rearrangement of sapA homologs (26). In this paper, we provide data supporting a direct relationship between highmolecular-weight-protein shifts and antigenic variation of the C. fetus S-layer on the one hand and genomic rearrangement of the sapA homologs on the other during the course of infection in the bovine reproductive tract.…”

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confidence: 99%

Protein shift and antigenic variation in the S-layer of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis during bovine infection accompanied by genomic rearrangement of sapA homologs

et al. 1995

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Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis isolated from a case of human vaginosis was inoculated into the uterus of a C. fetus-negative heifer. Isolates obtained weekly from the vaginal mucus exhibited variations in highmolecular-mass-protein profiles from that of the original inoculum, which had a dominant 110-kDa S-layer protein. Immunoblots of the weekly isolates with monoclonal antibody probes against the 110-kDa S-layer protein and other C. fetus S-layer proteins demonstrated antigenic shifts. Genomic digests of the isolates probed with a 75-mer oligonucleotide of the conserved sapA region also indicated that antigenic variation of the S-layer is accompanied by DNA rearrangement.

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Rearrangement of sapA homologs with conserved and variable regions in Campylobacter fetus.

Cited by 60 publications

References 32 publications

The surface (S)-layer gene cspB of Corynebacterium glutamicum is transcriptionally activated by a LuxR-type regulator and located on a 6 kb genomic island absent from the type strain ATCC 13032

The surface (S)-layer gene cspB of Corynebacterium glutamicum is transcriptionally activated by a LuxR-type regulator and located on a 6 kb genomic island absent from the type strain ATCC 13032

Expression, secretion and antigenic variation of bacterial S‐layer proteins

Protein shift and antigenic variation in the S-layer of Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis during bovine infection accompanied by genomic rearrangement of sapA homologs

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