Realization of the SI Unit Volt by Means of a Voltage Balance

Sienknecht, V.; Funck, T.

doi:10.1088/0026-1394/22/3/018

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The uncertainty of a device realizing a new definition should improve on the uncertainty of the realization of the existing unit. Using the present ampere realization and corresponding experiments that trace the ampere to the SI unit of the force an uncertainty of around 10 −7 has been achieved [168]. Moreover, this level of uncertainty is required for currents in the microampere range or higher to make practical current metrology feasible, as manifest from the calibration and measurement capabilities (CMCs) published in the BIPM Key Comparison Data Base.…”

Section: Precision Requirements For Metrological Relevancementioning

confidence: 86%

Non-adiabatic quantized charge pumping with tunable-barrier quantum dots: a review of current progress

2015

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Precise manipulation of individual charge carriers in nanoelectronic circuits underpins practical applications of their most basic quantum property -the universality and invariance of the elementary charge. A charge pump generates a net current from periodic external modulation of parameters controlling a nanostructure connected to source and drain leads; in the regime of quantized pumping the current varies in steps of qef as function of control parameters, where qe is the electron charge and f is the frequency of modulation. In recent years, robust and accurate quantized charge pumps have been developed based on semiconductor quantum dots with tunable tunnel barriers. These devices allow modulation of charge exchange rates between the dot and the leads over many orders of magnitude and enable trapping of a precise number of electrons far away from equilibrium with the leads. The corresponding non-adiabatic pumping protocols focus on understanding of separate parts of the pumping cycle associated with charge loading, capture and release. In this report we review realizations, models and metrology applications of quantized charge pumps based on tunable-barrier quantum dots.

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Section: Precision Requirements For Metrological Relevancementioning

confidence: 86%

Non-adiabatic quantized charge pumping with tunable-barrier quantum dots: a review of current progress

2015

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“…The drawback of the volt balance is due to the very small magnitude of the force developed. For example, in one of the most accurate experiments [8], which was a couple of meters tall, the force developed by a 10 kV voltage, was equilibrated by the weight of a reference mass of 2 g only.…”

Section: The Mechanical Ampere: 1948-2019mentioning

confidence: 99%

A quantum ampere

Callegaro

2020

Tm - Technisches Messen

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The revision of the International System of Units (SI), implemented since 20 May 2019, has redefined the unit of electric current, the ampere ( A), linking it to a fixed value of the elementary charge. This paper discusses the new definition and the realisation of the electrical units by quantum electrical metrology standards, which every year become more and more accessible, reliable and user friendly.

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“…The quantum voltage seen from each channel is also marked with the same color with the DAC. In Fig.8, the most significant n th channel's current is given by (5). By using (6), each DAC's current is calculated.…”

Section: Programming the Bias Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The proof of this equation encouraged metrologists to measure 2e/h constant which is known as Josephson constant (KJ). The present value of KJ was accepted in 1990 and denoted by KJ-90 after a comparison which has 0.4 ppm uncertainty [5], [6]. Despite of this absolute Manuscript received January 15, 2018; revised March 1, 2018; accepted June 20, 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard and Maintaining Its Quantum Accuracy

Ozturk¹,

Ertürk²,

Tangel³

et al. 2019

IJEETC

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In this article, programmable Josephson voltage standard system established in TÜBİTAK UME is presented. The specifications of the instruments used in the system are defined and tested according to the needs of the system. Test setups are given in detail. The cryoprop used to immerse the superconducting integrated circuit into the liquid helium is manufactured. The horn antennas used in the waveguide part of the cryoprop are manufactured by employing wire erosion technique. The optical transceivers having low jitter for distributing trigger and clocks while keeping fully floating the system are manufactured. The software for generating quantum voltages and easy use of the system is prepared and equations used in the algorithm are given. The procedures to maintain the necessary accuracy of the bias electronics to maintain the quantum accuracy of the system is given in detail. The established system is used in metrological measurements and the results of the measurements which prove the quantum state of the system are presented. 

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Realization of the SI Unit Volt by Means of a Voltage Balance

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Non-adiabatic quantized charge pumping with tunable-barrier quantum dots: a review of current progress

Non-adiabatic quantized charge pumping with tunable-barrier quantum dots: a review of current progress

A quantum ampere

Establishing Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard and Maintaining Its Quantum Accuracy

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