Realization of low frequency and controllable bandwidth squeezing based on a four-wave-mixing amplifier in rubidium vapor

Liu, Cunjin; Jing, Jietai; Zhou, Zhiqiang; Pooser, Raphael C.; Hudelist, Florian; Zhou, Lu; Zhang, Weiping

doi:10.1364/ol.36.002979

Cited by 62 publications

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“…Quantum light sources based on atomic vapors have the advantage that their wavelength and bandwidth naturally match atomic transitions. Recently, it has been shown by Lett's group [14] as well as several other groups [15][16][17] that the four-wave mixing (FWM) process inside hot rubidium vapor is an efficient way to produce quantum light sources with a large amount of squeezing. Based on this system, the tunable delay [18] and low noise amplification [19] of quantum entanglement have been experimentally demonstrated.…”

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Compact diode-laser-pumped quantum light source based on four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor

et al. 2012

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Using a nondegenerate four-wave mixing process in hot rubidium vapor, we demonstrate a compact diode-laser-pumped system for the generation of intensity-difference squeezing down to 8 kHz with a maximum squeezing of -7 dB. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of kilohertz-level intensity-difference squeezing using a semiconductor laser as the pump source. This scheme is of interest for experiments involving atomic ensembles, quantum communications, and precision measurements. The diode-laser-pumped system would extend the range of possible applications for squeezing due to its low cost, ease of operation, and ease of integration.

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Compact diode-laser-pumped quantum light source based on four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor

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“…Recently, low-frequency squeezing was found to be interesting for electromagnetically-induced transparency-based quantum information protocols and other applications at atomic transition wavelengths [16]. Our work [17] is derived from this motivation and inspired by previous work such as the creation of beams with a low-frequency quantum correlation based on FWM in a hot rubidium vapor [18]. We have generated an intensity difference squeezed light source at frequencies as low as 1.5 kHz which is so far the lowest frequency at which squeezing has been observed in an atomic system.…”

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“…In the following, we present a review on our experimental progress of a high quality quantum light source [17] and a nonlinear MZ interferometer [19]. This paper is organized as follows.…”

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Squeezing bandwidth controllable twin beam light and phase sensitive nonlinear interferometer based on atomic ensembles

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We review our recent experimental progress in quantum technology employing amplification effect of four-wave mixing in a rubidium vapor. We have produced an intensity difference squeezed light source at frequencies as low as 1.5 kHz which is so far the lowest frequency at which squeezing has been observed in an atomic system. Moreover, we find that the bandwidth of our squeezed light source can be controlled with light intensity pumping. Using our non-classical light source, we have further developed a nonlinear Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer, for which the maximum fringe intensity depends quadratically on the intensity of the phase-sensing field at the high-gain regime, leading to much better sensitivity than a linear MZ interferometer in which the beam splitters have the same phase-sensing intensity. The quantum technologies developed by our group could have great potential in areas such as precision measurement and quantum information. Bull, 2012Bull, , 57: 19251930, doi: 10.1007 Photons are natural fast carriers of quantum information. For this reason, much attention [1,2], particularly over the last two decades, has been drawn towards applications of quantum optical systems to quantum information processing, such as quantum communication and distributed quantum networks. The research necessitates high-quality quantum light sources that generate squeezed light with large noise suppression below the shot noise level (SNL) and entangled states. In 1985, Slusher et al. pioneered squeezed light generation based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in an optical cavity [3]. Since then, several methods have been explored to obtain squeezed states; a fundamental and frequently-used technique is the optical parametric oscillator consisting of nonlinear crystals and cavities to build up non-classical states very efficiently [4][5][6][7]. Using such methods, very strong single mode squeezing has been realized in the past few years. For example, vacuum squeezing levels of 10 dB were achieved in 2008 [8] and Mehmet et al. obtained up to 11.5 dB squeezing last year [9]. By contrast, without any optical cavity and mode cleaner, FWM has gradually become another popular method because of its simple experimental setup. Since the initial work of Lett's group in 2007 [10], as much as 9.2 dB squeezing has been reported in hot rubidium vapor [11]. Based on FWM, a pair of multi-spatialmode beams was produced, carrying two images which are in non-separable continuous-variable entangled states. The images were composed of "squeezed vacuum" twin beams

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“…Our source would still generate squeezed states above 15 mW with sufficient input probe power, but back action noise would determine the noise floor. Likewise, for measurements performed at low temperature and pressure where thermal noise is dramatically reduced even at low frequencies, our approach can be applied using low frequency squeezed states [47,48] to further reduce the noise floor near a fundamental resonance. Two detector configurations were used to detect a position modulation generated by driving the microcantilever with a piezo-controlled tapping mode AFM mount at 745 kHz.…”

Section: Microcantilever Displacement Measurementsmentioning

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Ultrasensitive measurement of microcantilever displacement below the shot-noise limit

Pooser

Lawrie

2015

Optica

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The displacement of micro-electro-mechanical-systems (MEMS) cantilevers is used to measure a broad variety of phenomena in devices ranging from force microscopes to biochemical sensors to thermal imaging systems. We demonstrate the first direct measurement of a MEMS cantilever displacement with a noise floor 4 dB below the shot noise limit (SNL) at an equivalent optical power. By combining multi-spatial-mode quantum light sources with a simple differential measurement, we show that sub-SNL MEMS displacement sensitivity is highly accessible compared to previous efforts that measured the displacement of macroscopic mirrors with very distinct spatial structures crafted with multiple optical parametric amplifiers and locking loops. These results support a new class of quantum MEMS sensor with an ultimate signal to noise ratio determined by quantum correlations, enabling ultra-trace sensing, imaging, and microscopy applications in which signals were previously obscured by shot noise.

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Realization of low frequency and controllable bandwidth squeezing based on a four-wave-mixing amplifier in rubidium vapor

Cited by 62 publications

References 14 publications

Compact diode-laser-pumped quantum light source based on four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor

Compact diode-laser-pumped quantum light source based on four-wave mixing in hot rubidium vapor

Squeezing bandwidth controllable twin beam light and phase sensitive nonlinear interferometer based on atomic ensembles

Ultrasensitive measurement of microcantilever displacement below the shot-noise limit

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