Real-Time Mitigation of the Mobility Effect for IEEE 802.15.4g SUN MR-OFDM

Abstract

In order to develop wireless sensor networks, which are defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 specification, researchers are considering low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) due to their advantages of being long range, low power, low cost, and highly mobile. The issue of mobility is covered in the IEEE 802.15.4g standard for supporting a smart utility network (SUN), which is mainly controlled by orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation. In a high mobility scenario, inter-carrier interference is a primary factor in reducing the performance of OFDM transmissions due to the destruction of the subcarrier component's orthogonality. This paper analyzes the mobility effect in multi-rate multi-regional orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MR-OFDM) for low-power wide-area networks in general, and the SUN MR-OFDM system in particular. As mentioned in standard 802.15.4 2015, IEEE 802.15.4g MR-OFDM is one of the low-power wide-area (LPWA) technologies in which energy optimization problems are of first priority. We are especially interested in simple technologies that provide high efficiency. Therefore, we propose a highly adaptive method that uses the cyclic prefix to mitigate the mobility effect in real time. At a symbol frames interval of 120 us, the Doppler shift effect from the mobility of the MR-OFDM system adapted smoothly. This is not the best method to mitigate Doppler shift but it is a simple method that suits the LPWA network. The proposed scheme clearly simulated the mobility of the MR-OFDM system, and had the advantage of using a cyclic-prefix with a bit error rate performance through Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and the Rician channel of Matlab.

LPWAN Technologies: Emerging Application Characteristics, Requirements, and Design Considerations

“…The IEEE 802.15 WPAN Task Group 4g (TG4g) has proposed this standard to extend the short range of the IEEE 802.15.4 base standard for smart utility networks (SUN) [41]. It defines three physical layers based on frequency shift keying (FSK), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), and offset quadrature phase shift keying (OQPSK).…”

Systematic Literature Review on Smart Mobility: A Framework for Future “Quantitative” Developments

“…Smart sensors and actuators collaborate to collect information (Leung, Braun, and Cuzzocrea 2019; Sobral, Galvão, and Borges 2019) and interact with the user (Fraga-Lamas et al 2019). Current research lines include the application of Bluetooth sensors (Martínez Plumé et al 2019), wireless sensor networks (Coluccia and Fascista 2019; Nguyen et al 2019), and integrated devices (Din et al 2019) for real-time monitoring of parameters such as noise pollution, carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity (Moreno et al 2019), and for the interpretation of traffic information (Ali, El-Sappagh, and Kwak 2019).…”

The Performance Analyses of IEEE 802.15.4g Sun Low-Power Wireless Networks and their Application

“…This standard also provides application mainly to outdoor communications, and mechanisms to coexist with other systems in the same bands, such as the IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, and 802.16. [9] The Wi-SUN systems for the wide-area of the IoT are composed of two types of wireless stations, i.e. the devices and the coordinators.…”