Real time comprehension of Spanish articles in children with developmental language disorder: Empirical evidence from eye movements

Insights from real-time comprehension of Spanish verbal tense in children with developmental language disorder: An eye-tracking study

“…The findings of this study introduce more empirical evidence from a relatively recent perspective which indicates the possibility of a less atypical comprehension of language by Spanish-speaking children with DLD than what is generally considered (Andreu et al, 2011;Andreu et al, 2016;Andreu et al, 2013;Christou et al, 2020;Christou et al, 2021). However, it is essential to emphasize the existence of a series of studies, also recent, in which opposite results are presented (Coloma et al, 2013;Coloma & Pavez, 2017).…”

“…The time windows corresponded to the first critical window following the verb (2000 to 3000 ms from sentence onset), the critical noun window (3000 to 4000 ms from sentence onset), and the last critical window, which followed the noun window (4000 to 5000 ms from sentence onset). Previous studies have also used this experimental design (Andreu et al, 2011;Andreu et al, 2016;Christou et al, 2020;Christou et al, 2021).…”

“…However, more recent research using eye-tracking technology (Andreu et al, 2011;Andreu et al, 2016;Andreu et al, 2013;Christou et al, 2020;Christou et al, 2021) has raised the possibility that language comprehension among children with DLD is more preserved. The results of these authors indicate that, in terms of verbs in simple sentences, separated, or in narrative style, children with DLD present a semantic representation of the verb which is more typical than expected.…”

“…In this respect, Andreu et al (2013) suggested that the previous studies based on offline tools could have limitations when recording the real linguistic comprehension capacity of children with DLD. To date, there are relatively few studies which have specifically studied language comprehension in online sentence tasks (e.g., Andreu et al, 2012;Andreu et al, 2016;Christou et al, 2020;Christou et al, 2021;Marinis & van der Lely, 2007;Montgomery, 1995Montgomery, , 2000a. The present study is developed from the visual world paradigm (Cooper, 1974;Tanenhaus et al, 1995) which is based on the premise that eye fixation is an ideal independent response analogous to what a person is cognitively processing.…”

Syntax Device and Unit Disorder in Children with Mental Retardation: A Neurolinguistic Perpspective on Language Learning Innovations and Progressive Education

“…This is because children with mental retardation have difficulty using functional words, which in this case are prepositions. In connection with difficulties in particle production, research by Christou, Guerra, Coloma, Andreu Barrachina, Araya, Rodriguez-Ferreiro,… Sanz-Torrent (2020) shows that there are different developmental trajectories in groups of people with language development disorders, however, regardless of the group of sufferers mental disorders in producing particles, it seems that they can understand the particles in the current experimental conditions. That is, there is still hope to mediate how children with mental retardation can understand the use of functional language such as particles, prepositions, articles, conjunctions, and interjections, and this -understanding the use of functional language -must be continuously experienced by the children.…”