Real Measurement Study for Rain Rate and Rain Attenuation Conducted Over 26 GHz Microwave 5G Link System in Malaysia

Shayea, Ibraheem; Rahman, Tharek Abd; Azmi, Marwan Hadri; Islam, Md. Rafiqul

doi:10.1109/access.2018.2810855

Cited by 111 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Moreover, monthly average rainfall in Malaysia is spatially distributed and ranging from 118.765 mm/hr up to 366.95 mm/hr in some regions with the majority of the country precipitation is more than 200 mm/hr rainfall on average as Figure clarifies . This tropical wet climatic features are in close similarity to the climate in equatorial regions where the entire year witnesses almost daily afternoon heavy rainfall and large drop size with hot and humid weather . On the contrary, the climate of the temperate region is characterized by a low rainfall rate with a small raindrop size.…”

Section: Precipitation Impact On Mm‐wavesupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Malaysia is a tropical country where the climate is characterized by two main seasons denoted by the locals as the wet and dry seasons. Both seasons exhibit high rainfall rate with large raindrop size and heavy thunderstorms . However rainfall rates and raindrop size vary significantly between the two seasons.…”

Section: Precipitation Impact On Mm‐wavementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is depicted by noting that most researchers focused on investigating narrowband systems. Investigation of wideband systems that offers a high data rate was the focus of only a few reported literature such as those by Hirata et al and Kallfass et al Although, the work of Hirata et al and Kallfass et al investigated the propagation properties of 120 and 240 GHz frequency bands which are not among the proposed operating frequency bands in 5G systems . Besides, as the rain characteristics are a major factor that identify the properties of propagation, statistical rain distribution and raindrop size are vital information for investigating the propagation of signals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper is a continuation of the verification and investigation of RA impact of mm‐wave in the work of Shayea et al The wireless link setup and data used for this work are based on the real‐time measurements collected by the Wireless Communication Center (WCC) team in Johor Bahru, Malaysia . However, this work mainly focuses on the worst month rainfall rate and RA statistical parameter estimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rain attenuation and worst month statistics verification and modeling for 5G radio link system at 26 GHz in Malaysia

Shayea

Nissirat

Nisirat

et al. 2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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The explosive daily dependence on wireless communication services necessitates the research to establish ultrawideband communication systems with ultrahigh bit rate transmission capabilities. The advent of the fifth-generation (5G) microwave link transmitting at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequency band is a promising technology to accommodate the escalating demand for wireless services. In this frequency band, however, the behavior of the transmission channel and its climatic properties are a major concern. This is of particular importance in tropical regions where the climate is mainly rainy with large raindrop size and high rainfall rate that may interact destructively with the propagating signal and cause total attenuation for the signal. International Telecommunication Union (ITU) introduced a global rain attenuation model to characterize the effect of rain on the propagating signal at a wideband of frequencies. The validity of this model in tropical regions is still an open question for research. In this paper, real measurements are conducted at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru, Malaysia, to investigate the impact of rain on the propagation of mm-waves at 26 GHz over the microwave 5G radio link system. Rainfall rate and rain attenuation data sets are collected for one year at one sample per min sampling rate. Both data sets are used to estimate signal propagation conditions in comparison to the ITU model prediction. From the presented results, it is found that at 0.01% percentage of time and rainfall rate of about 120 mm/hr, the propagated signal would experience 26.2 dB losses per kilometer traveled. In addition, there is a significant deviation between the empirical estimation of the worst month parameters and the ITU worst month parameter prediction. Similarly, rainfall rate and rain attenuation estimated through the ITU model imposes a large deviation as compared with the measurements. Furthermore, more accurate empirical worst month parameters are proposed that yielded more accurate estimation of the worst month rainfall and rain attenuation predictions in comparison to the ITU model predictions. Trans Emerging Tel Tech. 2019;30:e3697. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/ett

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Section: Precipitation Impact On Mm‐wavesupporting

confidence: 60%

Section: Precipitation Impact On Mm‐wavementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rain attenuation and worst month statistics verification and modeling for 5G radio link system at 26 GHz in Malaysia

Shayea

Nissirat

Nisirat

et al. 2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…The CCL is calculated numerically by Equations (7)-(10). Figure 10 illustrates that for the proposed MIMO antenna, the obtained CCL is less than the practical standard of 0.4 bit/s/Hz [38] for the entire operating band, which ensures the proposed system's high throughput C(loss) = −log 2 det(a) (7) where a is the correlation matrix, a = σ 11 σ 12 σ 21 σ 22 (8)…”

Section: Channel Capacity Loss (Cll)mentioning

confidence: 99%

4-Port MIMO Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for 5G Millimeter Wave Applications

et al. 2020

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We present a 4-port Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna array operating in the mm-wave band for 5G applications. An identical two-element array excited by the feed network based on a T-junction power combiner/divider is introduced in the reported paper. The array elements are rectangular-shaped slotted patch antennas, while the ground plane is made defected with rectangular, circular, and a zigzag-shaped slotted structure to enhance the radiation characteristics of the antenna. To validate the performance, the MIMO structure is fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured results are in good coherence. The proposed structure can operate in a 25.5–29.6 GHz frequency band supporting the impending mm-wave 5G applications. Moreover, the peak gain attained for the operating frequency band is 8.3 dBi. Additionally, to obtain high isolation between antenna elements, the polarization diversity is employed between the adjacent radiators, resulting in a low Envelope Correlation Coefficient (ECC). Other MIMO performance metrics such as the Channel Capacity Loss (CCL), Mean Effective Gain (MEG), and Diversity gain (DG) of the proposed structure are analyzed, and the results indicate the suitability of the design as a potential contender for imminent mm-wave 5G MIMO applications.

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Machine Learning-Based Rain Attenuation Prediction Model

Islam¹,

Maiti²,

Ghosh³

et al. 2021

Computers and Devices for Communication

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Real Measurement Study for Rain Rate and Rain Attenuation Conducted Over 26 GHz Microwave 5G Link System in Malaysia

Cited by 111 publications

References 84 publications

Rain attenuation and worst month statistics verification and modeling for 5G radio link system at 26 GHz in Malaysia

Rain attenuation and worst month statistics verification and modeling for 5G radio link system at 26 GHz in Malaysia

4-Port MIMO Antenna with Defected Ground Structure for 5G Millimeter Wave Applications

Machine Learning-Based Rain Attenuation Prediction Model

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