Reagents in calamine zinc ores flotation

Abstract

Oxidised zinc ores are traditionally floated with fatty amines as collector. The effectiveness of this reagent requires a pre-sulphidisation stage with sodium sulphide in conjunction with soda ash. Especially in the case of calamine ores, a dispersing agent becomes necessary. The collector must be emulsified with a fuel oil and the frother. This flotation system is characterised by the use of very large amounts of reagents. The proportion of each reagent in the reagents system must be carefully optimised.

Hemimorphite Flotation with 1-hydroxydodecylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and Its Mechanism

“…It elucidated that the isoelectric point (IEP) of hemimorphite particles occurred at pH ~ 6.0, which was consistent with the previous reported value of pH 6.0 [40]. In the presence of HDDPA, the zeta potential of hemimorphite particles transferred to more negative values, and the IEP shifted to pH~5.1, which implied that HDDPA species might attach …”

Flotation of quartz using ionic liquid collectors with different functional groups and varying chain lengths

“…Many researchers have investigated the use of alternate economically viable collectors for the flotation of quartz (Yuhua and Jianwei, 2005;Weng et al, 2013;Xia et al, 2009;Araujo et al, 2005). Different new collectors such as aBromodecanoic acid, N-dodecylethylenediamine, gemini and commercial collectors like AERO 3030C, Flotigam DAT, and Armoflot 64 have been synthesized and applied for better separation of quartz and concentration of mineral values (Barbaro et al, 1997;Pereira and Peres, 2005;Liu et al, 2009;Luo et al, 2015;Sekuli et al, 2004 Ionic liquids which posses low volatility and high ionization temperature, have several applications in varied fields. They are used as phase-transfer catalysts, solvents, lubricants, gas capturing agents, coating materials, or chemical sensors (Bradaric et al, 2003;Weng et al, 2006;Pernak et al, 2006;Garvey and Dietz, 2014;Ferreira et al, 2014;Gao et al, 2014).…”

Study on the sulfidation behavior of smithsonite

“…The surface activity of the mineral is enhanced in water, and water molecules are absorbed by chemisorption, which causes the lack of natural floatability of smithsonite [6]. The most common flotation technique commercially used for the treatment of zinc oxide minerals is sulfidation with sodium sulfide, followed by treatment with conventional cationic collectors, such as amine ( [3,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13]; Ejtemaei et al [14]). …”

“…Under this condition, collector consumption may be significantly reduced [11]. The excess sodium sulfide functions as a depressant for oxidized lead and zinc minerals because the adsorption of divalent sulfide ion on the surface of lead oxide minerals increases the negative charge, which prevents the adsorption of collector onto oxidized zinc mineral surfaces [3,10,11,13,15,16].…”