“…Most prior literature on MI implementation within IJVs has focused either on a particular level (e.g., cultural level, Barmeyer & Davoine, 2019) or on one set of factors (e.g., environmental dynamism and complexity, Meuer, 2014; top management, Rezvani et al, 2017) to the exclusion of others (e.g., IJV type and partners' bargaining power). However, these factors should be considered as a whole (Johns, 2006) for understanding the complexity of the implementation process (Gümüsay & Amis, 2021; Lee & Morley, 2021) and for identifying interactions between levels (Idiagbon‐Oke & Oke, 2011; Johns, 2006; Kozlowski & Klein, 2000).…”