Reactivity of ynamides in catalytic intermolecular annulations

Abstract

This review comprehensively summarizes the advances achieved in catalytic intermolecular annulations of ynamides from 2010 to 2020.

Zr-MOFs for CF4/CH4, CH4/H2, and CH4/N2 separation: towards the goal of discovering stable and effective adsorbents

“…Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are nanoporous, crystalline structures offering tunable chemical environments which can be exploited for various applications including gas storage/separation, catalysis, sensing, drug delivery, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] While they possess favorable structural features namely high porosity, ease of functionalization, adjustable pore sizes, etc., many of them suffer from relatively lower thermal, hydrothermal, and/or chemical stability than industrially utilized zeolites. [15][16][17][18] Among different subclasses of MOFs, Zr-MOFs have garnered particular interest as some of them have been shown to exhibit good stability at high temperatures, in humid conditions, and/or acidic/basic environments.…”

“…Last century witnessed increasing amounts of both CF 4 and CH 4 emissions to the atmosphere as a result of anthropogenic activities whose accumulation in the air create risks for human health and environment. [33][34][35][36][37] Specifically, CF 4 is one of the greenhouse gases that has a much higher global warming potential than the famous greenhouse gas of CO 2 and can stay in the atmosphere for an extended period of time. 34,36,38,39 Although CF 4 can pose health threats when it exists in the open air, it can provide significant economic benefits in several industries.…”

“…One of the most common gas mixtures that can be found in the industry is CH 4 /H 2 mixture due to the ubiquitously employed methane steam reforming and methane dry reforming processes. 45,46 Since both CH 4 and H 2 can be used in vehicular fuel cells, achieving their efficient separation can help accelerate the transition to cleaner energy sources. 45,47 Altintas et al 48 studied CH 4 /H 2 separation in hundreds of MOFs where the CH 4 /H 2 adsorption selectivities, CH 4 working capacities, and regenerabilities are reported to vary roughly in the ranges of 10 −2 -5 × 10 2 , 10 −2 − 6 mol kg −1 , and 15-100% for an equimolar CH 4 /H 2 mixture at 10 bar, 298 K. Another study 49 showed that the CH 4 /H 2 adsorption selectivities of the top MOF membranes identified are in the range of 8.31-97.36 for an equimolar CH 4 /H 2 mixture at 1 bar, 298 K. Liu et al 50 probed the CH 4 /H 2 separation performances of IRMOFs (isoreticular MOFs) using grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations revealing their CH 4 /H 2 selectivities at 10 bar, 298 K to be around 5-20 for equimolar CH 4 /H 2 mixtures.…”

“…CH 4 and N 2 can co-exist in natural gas, 51 landfill gas, 52 coal mine methane. 53,54 The separation of CH 4 from N 2 is not a trivial task as both gases have similar molecular sizes.…”

Media‐Driven Pd‐Catalyzed Reaction Cascades with 1,3‐Diynamides Leading Selectively to Either Indoles or Quinolines

“…Ynamides are inspiring building blocks for the construction of heterocycles relevant to pharmaceutical, agrochemical, and materials chemistry. [1] Their key reactivity is stirred by an electronically tunable nitrogen atom necessitating an adjacent electron-rich and polarized carbon-carbon triple bond being best described by the mesomeric forms A and A' in Figure 1. The electron-withdrawing group (EWG) attached to the ynamide nitrogen is guaranteeing sufficient stability and tunable reactivity.…”