Reactivity of ions and ion pairs in the nucleophilic substitution reaction on methyl p-nitrobenzenesulfonate

From Atomic to Molecular Anions: A Neutral Receptor Captures Cyanide Using Strong CH Hydrogen Bonds

“…Thus, by including it in our analysis we are able to isolate its influence from the 1:1 binding process. ), [20] which is consistent with the size-dependence of Fuoss Law. [21] Though not strong, the competitive roles of this process and of the 2:1 sandwich formation has to be included when evaluating the cyanides binding affinity with triazolophane 2. )…”

“…The entire titration data (250-400 nm) was modeled using an equilibrium-restricted factor analysis [23] by including the 1:1 equilibrium [Eq. (1) TBA + +X À = TBA + ·X À À5.7 AE 0.1 14 000 AE 2 000 À6.6 AE 0.5 [20] 72 000 AE 40 000…”

“…(3)]. [20] The cation can compete [11g] with the triazolophane for binding to the cyanide anion. Thus, by including it in our analysis we are able to isolate its influence from the 1:1 binding process.…”

Artificial Receptors for the Recognition of Phosphorylated Molecules

“…However, the validity of this assumption is starting to be called into question. 331,332 Nevertheless, unless otherwise stated, all studies in this section were carried out using tetraalkylammonium salts.…”

Computational approaches to understanding reaction outcomes of organic processes in ionic liquids

“…276 When performed in molecular solvents this process can proceed through either the discrete anion, where the nucleophile is not coordinated to a counterion, or as an ion pair when a higher reagent concentration is used. 277 When using an ionic liquid solvent it was found that the reaction proceeded faster than when in the highly polar, protic hexauoropropan-2-ol but slower than the relatively non-polar solvent dichloromethane. The activation parameters for the reaction with a chloride anion (Scheme 6) were determined in a number of ionic liquids, and compared with both the ion pairing and discrete anion mechanism in dichloromethane to gain an understanding of the microscopic origin of this effect.…”