“…A recent review in vitro and in vivo animal studies concluded that TiO 2 nanoparticles not only, accumulate in the tissues of mammals and other vertebrates, but that they also have a very limited elimination rate ( Kononenko et al, 2019;Aliakbari et al, 2019;Dorier et al, 2015;Kruger et al, 2014;Gerloff et al, 2012;Cho et al, 2013;Shi et al, 2013;Jovanović 2015;Wang et al, 2007;Powell et al, 2000;Wang et al, 2007;Trouiller et al, 2009;Valant et al, 2011;Duan et al, 2010;Nogueira et al, 2012;Bu et al, 2010;Tada-Oikawa et al, 2016;Song et al, 2013;Brun et al, 2014;Chalew et al, 2013;Gerloff et al, 2009;Monopoli et al, 2011;Lesniak et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013). Nevertheless, the results are conflicting, some of them have reported little accumulation or toxicity (Monopoli et al, 2011) of ingested TiO 2 nanoparticles.…”