Reactive Key-Loss Protection in Blockchains

Blackshear, Sam; Chalkias, Konstantinos; Chatzigiannis, Panagiotis; Khaburzaniya, Irakliy; Kogias, Eleftherios Kokoris; Lind, Joshua; Wong, David Shan-Hill; Zakian, Tim

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-63958-0_34

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Users who can directly generate the encryption key that they use for EMR sharing can generate an encryption key each time an EMR is created, thus protecting the EMR with a different key each time. Because of the nature of an EMR that has been used for a long time, the encryption key must be maintained as is when data are encrypted [ 62 ]. However, this introduces security vulnerabilities, endangering EMR and patient privacy.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy Preservation in Patient Information Exchange Systems Based on Blockchain: System Design Study

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kwon³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

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Background With the increasing sophistication of the medical industry, various advanced medical services such as medical artificial intelligence, telemedicine, and personalized health care services have emerged. The demand for medical data is also rapidly increasing today because advanced medical services use medical data such as user data and electronic medical records (EMRs) to provide services. As a result, health care institutions and medical practitioners are researching various mechanisms and tools to feed medical data into their systems seamlessly. However, medical data contain sensitive personal information of patients. Therefore, ensuring security while meeting the demand for medical data is a very important problem in the information age for which a solution is required. Objective Our goal is to design a blockchain-based decentralized patient information exchange (PIE) system that can safely and efficiently share EMRs. The proposed system preserves patients’ privacy in the EMRs through a medical information exchange process that includes data encryption and access control. Methods We propose a blockchain-based EMR-sharing system that allows patients to manage their EMRs scattered across multiple hospitals and share them with other users. Our PIE system protects the patient’s EMR from security threats such as counterfeiting and privacy attacks during data sharing. In addition, it provides scalability by using distributed data-sharing methods to quickly share an EMR, regardless of its size or type. We implemented simulation models using Hyperledger Fabric, an open source blockchain framework. Results We performed a simulation of the EMR-sharing process and compared it with previous works on blockchain-based medical systems to check the proposed system’s performance. During the simulation, we found that it takes an average of 0.01014 (SD 0.0028) seconds to download 1 MB of EMR in our proposed PIE system. Moreover, it has been confirmed that data can be freely shared with other users regardless of the size or format of the data to be transmitted through the distributed data-sharing technique using the InterPlanetary File System. We conducted a security analysis to check whether the proposed security mechanism can effectively protect users of the EMR-sharing system from security threats such as data forgery or unauthorized access, and we found that the distributed ledger structure and re-encryption–based data encryption method can effectively protect users’ EMRs from forgery and privacy leak threats and provide data integrity. Conclusions Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology that provides data integrity to enable patient-centered health information exchange and access control. PIE systems integrate and manage fragmented patient EMRs through blockchain and protect users from security threats during the data exchange process among users. To increase safety and efficiency in the EMR-sharing process, we used access control using security levels, data encryption based on re-encryption, and a distributed data-sharing scheme.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Privacy Preservation in Patient Information Exchange Systems Based on Blockchain: System Design Study

Lee¹,

Kim²,

Kwon³

et al. 2022

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…An NFT system is an assembly technology with a blend of blockchain, storage, and web applications (Blackshear et al, 2021). The system is vulnerable to the properties of each component; thus, vulnerability of one component may make the whole system vulnerable to attackers (Chohan, 2021).…”

Section: Security Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the key challenges of non-fungible tokens

Ali

Momin

Shrestha

et al. 2023

Technological Forecasting and Social Change

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A Metaverse: Taxonomy, Components, Applications, and Open Challenges

2022

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Unlike previous studies on the Metaverse based on Second Life, the current Metaverse is based on the social value of Generation Z that online and offline selves are not different. With the technological development of deep learning-based high-precision recognition models and natural generation models, Metaverse is being strengthened with various factors, from mobile-based always-on access to connectivity with reality using virtual currency. The integration of enhanced social activities and neural-net methods requires a new definition of Metaverse suitable for the present, different from the previous Metaverse. This paper divides the concepts and essential techniques necessary for realizing the Metaverse into three components (i.e., hardware, software, and contents) and three approaches (i.e., user interaction, implementation, and application) rather than marketing or hardware approach to conduct a comprehensive analysis. Furthermore, we describe essential methods based on three components and techniques to Metaverse's representative Ready Player One, Roblox, and Facebook research in the domain of films, games, and studies. Finally, we summarize the limitations and directions for implementing the immersive Metaverse as social influences, constraints, and open challenges.

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Reactive Key-Loss Protection in Blockchains

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Privacy Preservation in Patient Information Exchange Systems Based on Blockchain: System Design Study

Privacy Preservation in Patient Information Exchange Systems Based on Blockchain: System Design Study

A review of the key challenges of non-fungible tokens

A Metaverse: Taxonomy, Components, Applications, and Open Challenges

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