Reactive Extraction of Valeric Acid with a Tributyl Phosphate + Diluent System

Firdous, Kudsiya; Ahmad, Syed Akhlaq

doi:10.1021/acs.jced.0c00086

Cited by 3 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…[ 16 ]

HA \leftrightarrow H^{+} + A^{-}

K_{italicHA} = \frac{{([], {normalH}^{+})}_{aq} {([], {normalA}^{-})}_{aq}}{{[italicHA]}_{aq}^{free}}

The partition of the un‐dissociated acid between the aqueous and organic phases is given by

{([], HA)}_{aq} \leftrightarrow {([], HA)}_{org}

The partition coefficient can also be expressed as the ratio of the undissociated acid concentration in the organic phase to the same in the aqueous phase. Mathematically, [ 1,2,16 ]

P = \frac{{[italicHA]}_{org}^{free}}{{[italicHA]}_{aq}^{free}}

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding among VA molecules can form dimers in the organic phase. The dimerization mechanism and the dimer constant are expressed by Equations () and (), respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison of presently studied

K_{normalD}^{overall}

with the

K_{normalD}^{overall}

available in the literature [ 1 ] at 301 K for 0.733 mol/L of tri‐butyl phosphate (TBP)…”

Section: Comparison Between the Present And Literature Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Valeric acid (VA) has wide use in pharmaceutical and solvent industries and as an intermediate in the production of perfumes, fungicides, plasticizers, and lubricants [ 1 ] and is also used as a monomer in polymer industries. It is available at a low concentration level in the effluent streams of conventional chemical industries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firdous and Ahmad [ 1 ] extracted VA using tri‐ n ‐butyl phosphate (TBP) as an extractant and toluene and kerosene as diluents. The concentration of VA was varied in the range of 0.05–0.13 M. Kerosene showed better recovery than toluene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The above discussion shows that some amount of work on the recovery of VA has been carried out already. Both TBP [1,3,6,8,13,14] and amine based [2,3,5,7,11,12,14] extractants were used. In all cases, reactive extraction intensifies the recovery of VA from aqueous solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Recovery of valeric acid using green solvents

Mukherjee

Munshi

2022

Can J Chem Eng

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In this work, extraction of valeric acid (VA) using tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP) as a reactive extractant was carried out. To reduce the toxic effects of the conventional diluents on microorganisms, non-toxic and green edible sunflower and soybean oils were tried as the diluents. The high values of the distribution coefficient and extraction efficiency advocated to use them in the bio-refinery industries. Moreover, it shows intensification of the recovery of VA using reactive extraction process. Sunflower oil appeared to be a better diluent than soybean oil. The complexation reaction stoichiometry (m and n) and equilibrium complexation reaction constant K E m:n ð Þ were estimated by using the differential evolution technique. In spite of the loading ratio being less than 0.5, the estimated m/n was found to be more than 1.0. The higher values ofoccurred due to the 9higher stability of the VA-TBP complex in sunflower oil than in soybean oil. The stoichiometry of VA decreased with increasing TBP concentration. The complex concentration, HA ð Þ m S n Â Ã org , was found to be higher for soybean oil. It increased with temperature and initial VA concentration but remained invariant with TBP concentration. Due to the decreasing trend of K E m:n ð Þ with temperature, the complexation reaction became exothermic. The enthalpy changes due to mass transfer stipulated easier mixing of the phases in sunflower oil than in soybean oil.

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“…[ 16 ]

HA \leftrightarrow H^{+} + A^{-}

K_{italicHA} = \frac{{([], {normalH}^{+})}_{aq} {([], {normalA}^{-})}_{aq}}{{[italicHA]}_{aq}^{free}}

The partition of the un‐dissociated acid between the aqueous and organic phases is given by

{([], HA)}_{aq} \leftrightarrow {([], HA)}_{org}

The partition coefficient can also be expressed as the ratio of the undissociated acid concentration in the organic phase to the same in the aqueous phase. Mathematically, [ 1,2,16 ]

P = \frac{{[italicHA]}_{org}^{free}}{{[italicHA]}_{aq}^{free}}

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding among VA molecules can form dimers in the organic phase. The dimerization mechanism and the dimer constant are expressed by Equations () and (), respectively.…”