Reactivation of latent infection and induction of recurrent herpetic eye disease in mice

Shimeld, C.; Hill, Terry; Blyth, W. A.; Easty, D L

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-71-2-397

Cited by 112 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…High incidences of reactivation of latent virus, shedding of virus in tears and recurrent herpetic eye disease can be induced in mice that survive with undamaged eyes after infection of the cornea with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) (Shimeld et al, 1990). The incidence of such undamaged eyes can be greatly increased by passive immunization with serum containing antiviral antibodies before inoculation with virus (Shimeld et al, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive immunization protects the mouse eye from damage after herpes simplex virus infection by limiting spread of virus in the nervous system

Shimeld¹,

Hill²,

Blyth³

et al. 1990

Journal of General Virology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive immunization protects the mouse eye from damage after herpes simplex virus infection by limiting spread of virus in the nervous system

Shimeld¹,

Hill²,

Blyth³

et al. 1990

Journal of General Virology

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“…Other reports suggest that testing the mouse eye for infectious virus during post inoculation days ranging from 23 to 113 resulted in detection at a very low percentage. The rate of shedding was less than once per 100 days (Shimeld et al, 1990;Tullo et al, 1982;Willey et al, 1984). In most cases, only one eye shed infectious HSV-1 once on many continuous days of swabbing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effect of human apolipoprotein E genotype on the pathogenesis of experimental ocular HSV-1

Bhattacharjee

Neumann

Foster

et al. 2008

Experimental Eye Research

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The isoform-specific role of human apolipoprotein E (apoE) has been assessed in a mouse model of ocular herpes. Female, age-matched transgenic mice knocked-in for the human allele apoE3 or apoE4 and their parent C57Bl/6 mice were inoculated corneally with HSV-1 strain KOS. Ocular HSV-1 pathogenesis was monitored through viral replication and clinical progression of stromal opacity and neovascularization by slit-lamp examination. Establishment of latency was determined by analysis of HSV-1 DNA (copy number) by specific real-time PCR in the cornea, trigeminal ganglia (TG), and brain. Representative groups of transgenic mice were sacrificed for the analysis of gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by reverse-transcription PCR, and apoE expression by Western blot analysis. At 6 days post-infection (P.I.), the ocular infectious HSV-1 titer was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in apoE4 mice compared with apoE3 and C57Bl/6 mice. Corneal neovascularization in apoE4 mice was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than apoE3 and C57Bl/6 mice. The onset of corneal opacity in apoE4 mice was accelerated during days 9--11 P.I.; however, no significant difference in severity was seen on P.I. days 15 and beyond. At 28 days P.I., infected mice of all genotypes had no significant differences in copy numbers (range 0--15) of HSV-1 DNA in their corneas, indicating that HSV-1 DNA copy numbers in cornea are independent of apoE isoform regulation. At 28 days P.I., both apoE4 and C57Bl/6 mice had a significantly higher (p = 0.001) number of copies of HSV-1 DNA in TG compared with apoE3. ApoE4 mice also had significantly higher (p = 0.001) copies of HSV-1 DNA in their TGs compared with C57Bl/6 mice. In brain, both apoE4 and C57Bl/6 mice had significantly higher numbers (p ≤ 0.03) of copies of HSV-1 DNA compared with apoE3 mice. However, the number of HSV-1 DNA copies in the brain of C57Bl/6 mice was not significantly different than that of apoE4 (p = 0.1). Comparative molecular analysis between apoE3 and apoE4 mice on selected days between 7 and 28 P.I., inclusive, revealed that the corneas of apoE4 mice expressed VEGF. None of the corneas in the apoE3 mice expressed VEGF Corresponding author: James M. Hill, Ph.D., LSU Eye Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite B, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA, Telephone: (504) 568 2274, Fax: (504) 568 2385, E-mail: jhill@lsuhsc.edu. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Western blot analysis showed proteolytic cleavage of the apoE protein in the corneas of the apoE4 mice. Through days 14 to 28 P.I., a ~29 kDa C-terminal truncated apoE f...

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“…However, sometimes, episodes of herpetic ophthalmic disease result in the involvement of the deeper corneal tissue leading to corneal scarring with consequent reduction in visual acuity. Additionally, delay in the treatment of HSV-1 ophthalmic disease can lead to a more significant corneal scar, and topical steroid treatment in unsuspected active herpes ophthalmic can lead to corneal melting 3,4,6,10,11,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, we had previously optimized a murine model of HSV-1 ophthalmic disease, in which BALB/c mouse corneas were inoculated without trauma and with HSV-1 strain obtained from a patient with severe herpetic disease, to mimic the infection in humans 4,5,10,11,15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An immunofluorescence test for diagnosis of ophthalmic herpes in a mouse corneal model

Pereira

Câmara

Guimarães

et al. 2007

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYHerpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) ophthalmic disease is the most common cause of corneal blindness in humans worldwide. Current culture techniques for HSV take several days and commercially available HSV laboratory based diagnostic techniques vary in sensitivity. Our study was conducted to evaluate the use of a quicker and simpler method to herpes ophthalmic diagnosis. Corneal smears were made by firm imprints of infected mouse eyes to glass slides, after smears were fixated with cold acetone, and an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) method was performed using monoclonal antibodies in a murine model of ophthalmic herpes. Eye swabs from infected mice were inoculated in Vero cells for virus isolation. Cytology and histology of the eye were also performed, using hematoxylin-eosin routine. Mouse eyes were examined by slit-lamp biomicroscopy for evidence of herpetic disease at various times postinoculation. We made a comparative evaluation of sensitivity, specificity and speed of methods for laboratory detection of HSV. Our results indicate that this IIF method is quick, sensitive, specific and can be useful in the diagnosis of ophthalmic herpes as demonstrated in an animal model.

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Reactivation of latent infection and induction of recurrent herpetic eye disease in mice

Cited by 112 publications

References 32 publications

Passive immunization protects the mouse eye from damage after herpes simplex virus infection by limiting spread of virus in the nervous system

Passive immunization protects the mouse eye from damage after herpes simplex virus infection by limiting spread of virus in the nervous system

Effect of human apolipoprotein E genotype on the pathogenesis of experimental ocular HSV-1

An immunofluorescence test for diagnosis of ophthalmic herpes in a mouse corneal model

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