Reactions of pipeline steels in carbon dioxide solutions

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) has been highlighted as a potential method to enable the continued use of fossil-fuelled power stations through the abatement of carbon dioxide (CO2). A complete CCS cycle requires safe, reliable and cost effective solutions for the transmission of CO2 from the capturing facility to the location of permanent storage. In subsequent sections, early laboratory and field corrosion experience relating to natural dense phase CO2 transport for the purposes of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) are summarised along with more recent research efforts which focus on identifying the role of anthropogenic impurities in the degradation processes. For each system impurity, the reaction rates, mechanisms and corrosion product composition/morphology expected at the steel surfaces are discussed, as well as each component's ability to influence the critical water content required to initiate corrosion. Potential bulk phase reactions between multiple impurities are also evaluated in an attempt to help understand how the impurity content may evolve along a long distance pipeline.The likelihood of stress-corrosion cracking and hydrogen-induced cracking is discussed and the various corrosion mitigation techniques which exist to control degradation to acceptable 2 levels are reviewed. Based on the current research performed in the context of impure dense phase CO2 corrosion, issues associated with performing laboratory experiments to replicate field conditions and the challenges such limitations present in terms of defining the safe operating window for CO2 transport are considered.

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“…[46] Although CO2 is very soluble in water, only a small proportion of the dissolved CO2 in the aqueous phase is hydrated to form H2CO3: [47] (1)…”

Section: Cathodic Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO₂transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review

Barker

Hua

Neville

2016

International Materials Reviews

130

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“…While it is known from decades that these acids strongly enhance the corrosion rates of mild steel [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] the level of understanding differs widely between them. CO 2 corrosion has probably benefited the widest and earliest investigations, and it is known from long that the increase of corrosion rate is associated with an increase of cathodic current density [4,5,7,[9][10][11][12]. While direct reduction of H 2 CO 3 remained the most often cited mechanism until the late 2000's, a recent consensus seems adopted on the buffer effect which was first proposed in 1974 [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion mechanisms in aqueous solutions containing dissolved H2S. Part 2: Model of the cathodic reactions on a 316L stainless steel rotating disc electrode

Tribollet

Kittel

Meroufel

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 Corrosion mechanisms in aqueous solutions containing dissolved H 2 S. Part 2: Model of the cathodic reactions on a 316L stainless steel rotating disc electrode. AbstractIn H 2 S containing solutions, the reduction of protons with a buffer effect contributing to the transport of protons at the steel surface, is not sufficient to explain the cathodic polarization curves obtained on 316L stainless steel. An additional electrochemical reaction was observed and was attributed to a direct H 2 S reduction. A numerical model is presented with these hypotheses and a good agreement is found with the experimental data presented in a previous paper. With this model it is also possible to present the concentration profiles of the different species involved in the cathodic process.

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“…Carbon steel is easily corroded in environments that contain water and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Dissolved C02 [4] in water and crude oil can cause tremendous damage to pipelines and structural components [5][6][7]. These problems have led to great interest in industry and academia to control CO 2 -related corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Surfactant Aggregation and Adsorption on Steel Corrosion Inhibition in Salt Solution

Zhu

FreeM²

2016

Polym Sci

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The corrosion inhibition efficiency of mixtures of three homologous benzalkonium chlorides (BAC) surfactants was investigated using electrochemical measurements and modeling. The surface aggregation concentration (sac) and critical micelle concentration (cmc) of surfactant are useful to evaluate inhibition efficiency. A new cmc prediction model for ternary mixed homologous surfactants of interest has been developed. The model is applicable over a wide concentration range of dissolved salt in solution. The combination of the modified Langmuir adsorption model and the cmc prediction model provides a potential method for inhibition efficiency prediction of various mixed homologous surfactant systems at various dissolved salt concentrations.

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Reactions of pipeline steels in carbon dioxide solutions

Cited by 307 publications

References 27 publications

Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO₂transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review

Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO₂transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review

Corrosion mechanisms in aqueous solutions containing dissolved H2S. Part 2: Model of the cathodic reactions on a 316L stainless steel rotating disc electrode

Effects of Surfactant Aggregation and Adsorption on Steel Corrosion Inhibition in Salt Solution

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Reactions of pipeline steels in carbon dioxide solutions

Cited by 307 publications

References 27 publications

Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO2transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review

Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO2transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review

Corrosion mechanisms in aqueous solutions containing dissolved H2S. Part 2: Model of the cathodic reactions on a 316L stainless steel rotating disc electrode

Effects of Surfactant Aggregation and Adsorption on Steel Corrosion Inhibition in Salt Solution

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Product

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Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO₂transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review

Internal corrosion of carbon steel pipelines for dense-phase CO₂transport in carbon capture and storage (CCS) – a review