Reactions of Dibenzothiophene with Hydrogen in the Presence of Selected Molybdenum, Iron, and Cobalt Compounds

Cooke, W.S.; Schmidt, Eckhardt; Chen, Song; Schobert, Harold H.

doi:10.1021/ef950245a

Cited by 13 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Ferrocene behaved differently from superfine iron oxide or iron(II) sulfate, in that conversions in ferrocene plus sulfur reactions actually dropped relative to those in reactions without sulfur. We have not yet determined the reason for this behavior but find that it is consistent with other systems in which sulfur is added with cyclopentadienyl-containing catalyst precursors. , …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…We also observed a decrease in NMBB conversion upon sulfur addition to cyclopentadienyl diiron tetracarbonyl, Cp 2 Fe 2 (CO) 4 (where Cp = cyclopentadienyl) . In a companion paper in this issue, we show the effects of using the bimetallic thiocubane-type precursor Cp 2 Co 2 Mo 2 (CO) 2 S 4 for hydrotreatment of dibenzothiophene . At comparable catalyst loadings, conversions of dibenzothiophene with this thiocubane were lower, by factors of 2−6, than those obtained with all other molybdenum-containing catalyst precursors tested.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

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Hydrotreatment of 4-(1-Naphthylmethyl)bibenzyl in the Presence of Iron Catalysts and Sulfur

1996

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Catalytic hydrocracking of 4-(1-naphthylmethyl)bibenzyl (NMBB) predominantly yielded naphthalene and 4-methylbibenzyl. Various iron compounds were examined as catalyst precursors. Sulfur addition to most catalyst precursors led to substantially higher catalyst activity and higher conversion. NMBB was also treated with sulfur in the absence of iron compounds, in concentrations of 1.2-3.4 wt %, corresponding to the conditions present in reactions with added iron compounds. Increasing sulfur concentrations led to higher NMBB conversions. Furthermore, sulfur had a permanent effect on the reactor walls. A black sulfide layer formed on the surface which could not be removed mechanically. The supposed noncatalytic reactions done in the same reactor but after experiments with added sulfur showed higher conversions than comparable experiments done in new reactors. This wall catalytic effect can be reduced by treating the sulfided reactors with hydrochloric acid. The results of this work demonstrate the significant effect of sulfur addition and sulfur-induced residual wall effects on carbon-carbon bond cleavage and hydrogenation of aromatics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 69%

Hydrotreatment of 4-(1-Naphthylmethyl)bibenzyl in the Presence of Iron Catalysts and Sulfur

1996

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“…Saturates with catalyst increase their H/C ratio according to the active metal content, and the values are higher for the Mo‐based catalysts because of their higher capacity of hydrogenation and HDS (Fig. ) , , , . The H/C ratio in the saturates obtained with catalyst is inversely proportional to the amount of impurities in the catalyst, which indicates that these do not favor the thermal cracking reactions since, as is well known, these types of reaction require a higher available area with a greater number of acid sites , .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Oil during Slurry‐Phase Hydrocracking

2018

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The saturates, aromatics, and resins fractions of maltenes from upgraded oils obtained by slurry‐phase hydrocracking (SPH) under low‐severity reaction conditions using analytical‐grade and mineral catalysts were obtained by chromatographic separation. The reactions in the SPH at low severity with the catalysts used occur by free radicals, and their subsequent hydrogenation is from heavier fractions (asphaltenes and resins) to lighter fractions (aromatics, saturates, and light cuts). The degree of conversion depends on the type of catalyst used (Mo > Fe) and is also proportional to the active metal content of the catalyst. The enhanced conversion of aromatics and resins towards the saturates fraction depends on the hydrogenation capacity of the catalyst. The better flow properties of the maltenes are due to the conversion of heavier to lighter fractions and to the upgrading of the resins fraction properties.

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“…Dibenzothiophene and substituted dibenzothiophenes have been used as models for coal in testing the activity and selectivity of different catalysts for hydrodesulfurization at coal liquefaction conditions . Cooke et al . have examined reactions of dibenzothiophene with hydrogen using Mo, Fe, and Co catalyst precursors at 400 °C and 6.9 MPa of H 2 cold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Waste Tires and Waste Tire Components on Hydrocracking and Heteroatom Removal Reactions Using Model Systems

Tang

Curtis

1997

Energy Fuels

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The effect of waste tires and waste tire components, such as styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), carbon black, and solid residues from waste tire liquefaction, on hydrocracking reactions that occur in coal and waste tire coliquefaction was evaluated using the model compound 4-(1-naphythylmethyl)bibenzyl (NMBB). The reactions were performed thermally and catalytically using slurry phase catalyst precursors including molybdenum naphthenate, iron naphthenate, and other iron precursors. The reaction conditions were 400 °C for 30 min with a H2 pressure of 8.7 MPa introduced at ambient temperature. Carbon black was active for hydrocracking NMBB and selective for cleaving the naphthyl−methylene bond and resulted in 79.1 ± 2.7% hydrocracking while the waste tires themselves, SBR, and untreated solid waste tire residues were not active, yielding between 11.3 ± 2.2 and 32.5 ± 3.1% hydrocracking. However, when the residue from the liquefaction of waste tires was heat-treated and then reacted with NMBB, the treated residue showed substantial activity for promoting hydrocracking. The amount of activity was dependent upon the composition of the residue. The heat-treated carbon black-rich residue yielded 52.9 ± 1.7% hydrocracking while the mineral-rich residue yielded 99.7 ± 2.1%. Higher activity was obtained when the residues were reacted in the presence of molybdenum naphthenate and excess sulfur. In addition, the effect of carbon black and heat-treated residues from waste tires reacted individually and in conjunction with molybdenum naphthenate was examined for heteroatom removal and hydrogenation of dibenzothiophene and 5-methyl-8-(1-methylethyl)dibenzothiopen-4-ol (MMDH). Carbon black and the heat-treated residues, particularly in conjunction with molybdenum naphthenate and excess sulfur, promoted these reactions. The substituted MMDH was more reactive and responsive to catalytic promotion by these agents than was its unsubstituted analogue, dibenzothiophene.

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Reactions of Dibenzothiophene with Hydrogen in the Presence of Selected Molybdenum, Iron, and Cobalt Compounds

Cited by 13 publications

References 25 publications

Hydrotreatment of 4-(1-Naphthylmethyl)bibenzyl in the Presence of Iron Catalysts and Sulfur

Hydrotreatment of 4-(1-Naphthylmethyl)bibenzyl in the Presence of Iron Catalysts and Sulfur

Viscosity Reduction of Heavy Oil during Slurry‐Phase Hydrocracking

Effect of Waste Tires and Waste Tire Components on Hydrocracking and Heteroatom Removal Reactions Using Model Systems

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