Reaction of NASICON with water

Fuentes, Rodolfo O.; Figueiredo, Filipe L.; Marques, F.M.B.; Franco, J.I.

doi:10.1016/s0167-2738(01)00683-x

Cited by 65 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…On exposure to neutral environments, the non-silicon version of NASICON:NaZr2(PO4)3 is formed along with ZrSiO4 at 0 V, materials known to be less ionically conductive compared to NASICON. This is qualitatively in good agreement with the experiments explaining the change in the surface morphology as well as the conductivity (Ahmad et al, 1987;Mauvy et al, 1999;Fuentes et al, 2001). Fuentes et al (2001) attributes the change in surface morphology to the formation of hydronium NASICON, but positive identification has been found lacking.…”

Section: Oxidessupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This is qualitatively in good agreement with the experiments explaining the change in the surface morphology as well as the conductivity (Ahmad et al, 1987;Mauvy et al, 1999;Fuentes et al, 2001). Fuentes et al (2001) attributes the change in surface morphology to the formation of hydronium NASICON, but positive identification has been found lacking. In the voltage range −3.5 to −1 V (SHE), exposure to aqueous environments leads to formation of phosphine, which in gaseous form is known to be toxic and highly flammable.…”

Section: Oxidessupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Determination of the aqueous stability of solid electrolytes has thus far been predominantly based on experimental observations. Such experiments take anywhere between a week to a month (Fuentes et al, 2001), where the electrolyte is immersed in an aqueous solution, sometimes with LiOH, LiCl, etc. (Hasegawa et al, 2009;Imanishi et al, 2014), and tested for changes in surface morphology, chemistry, and ionic conductivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous Stability of Alkali Superionic Conductors from First-Principles Calculations

Radhakrishnan

Ong

2016

Front. Energy Res.

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Ceramic alkali superionic conductor solid electrolytes (SICEs) play a prominent role in the development of rechargeable alkali-ion batteries, ranging from replacement of organic electrolytes to being used as separators in aqueous batteries. The aqueous stability of SICEs is an important property in determining their applicability in various roles. In this work, we analyze the aqueous stability of twelve well-known Li-ion and Na-ion SICEs using Pourbaix diagrams constructed from first-principles calculations. We also introduce a quantitative free-energy measure to compare the aqueous stability of SICEs under different environments. Our results show that though oxides are, in general, more stable in aqueous environments than sulfides and halide-containing chemistries, the cations present play a crucial role in determining whether solid phases are formed within the voltage and pH ranges of interest.

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Section: Oxidessupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Oxidessupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aqueous Stability of Alkali Superionic Conductors from First-Principles Calculations

Radhakrishnan

Ong

2016

Front. Energy Res.

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“…The seawater battery system needs a solid electrolyte to be very stable in aqueous solution and the NASI-CON-type solid electrolyte showed good chemical stability throughout 40 cycles in contact with seawater ( Figure S4). However, as its long-term stability in water is a concern, [16] further research is planned to evaluate its long-term stability in seawater and effects on electrochemical performance.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rechargeable Seawater Battery and Its Electrochemical Mechanism

et al. 2014

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Herein, we explore the electrochemical mechanism of a novel rechargeable seawater battery system that uses seawater as the cathode material. Sodium is harvested from seawater while charging the battery, and the harvested sodium is discharged with oxygen dissolved in the seawater, functioning as oxidants to produce electricity. The seawater provides both anode (Na metal) and cathode (O 2 ) materials for the proposed battery. Based on the discharge voltage (~2.9 V) with participation of O 2 and the charge voltage (~4.1 V) with Cl 2 evolution during the first cycle, a voltage efficiency of about 73 % is obtained. If the seawater battery is constructed using hard carbon as the anode and a Na super ion conductor as the solid electrolyte, a strong cycle performance of 84 % is observed after 40 cycles.The requirements for energy-storage systems are vastly different from those for consumer electronics or electric vehicles (EVs) and vary widely depending on factors such as installation size and location. This makes it difficult for one type of battery systems to become a predominant solution satisfying all the requirements. Instead, a reasonable and practical strategy is to respond to diverse requirements of each application with various alternative battery systems considering the characteristics of each option. For example, while an advanced Li-ion battery, which has a high volumetric energy density, would be a right choice for the energy storage in densely populated areas considering its high volumetric energy density, other bulky but cheaper systems could become more competitive in remote areas where the size of systems can be easily expanded. Therefore, it is important to build a strong portfolio of novel battery systems to provide optimum solutions.The development of novel configurations of battery cells, such as Li-Air, [1] Li-liquid, [2] Na-air, [3] and Li-polysulfide batteries, [4] has been made possible by combinations of multi-phase electrolyte/electrode components such as liquid/solid electrolytes and liquid/solid/liquid (or gas) electrodes. Based on these battery designs, various interesting combinations of electrochemical reaction couples are being suggested and tested that were not previously considered due to the limitations of conventional battery cell design. Recently, we investigated the feasibility of a novel rechargeable battery system using seawater as an electrode material. [5] As the most abundant resource on Earth, seawater contains various chemical species released from the Earth's crust and living organisms. Examples of the major chemical constituents of seawater are sodium (Na) (~0.46 m) and chlorides (~0.54 m).[6] Detailed information on the chemical constituents of seawater is shown in Figure 1 a. Accordingly, we constructed a novel rechargeable battery cell that uses seawater and its chemical constituents as anode/cathode materials. The configuration of the seawater battery, composed of Na/non-aqueous liquid/solid electrolyte/seawater, is shown in Figure 1 b and Figure 1 c. 1 m NaClO 4 in et...

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“…Li 1.4 La 0.4 Zr 1.6 (PO 4 ) 3 (LLZP) also possesses the NASICON structure with a partial substitution Zr 4+ →La 3+ + Li + , the Li + ions occupy the Type I and Type II sites. The occupation of Li ions at the Type II sites is favorable for the chemical stability of materials [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selective sodium removal from lithium chloride brine with novel inorganic ion exchanger

Sun¹

2013

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. Natrium superionic conductor (NASICON) ceramics present interesting sensitive and selective properties against alkaline cations due to their structure. The powder of Li1.4La0.4Zr1.6(PO4)3 has been synthesized by a solid phase reaction. The removal of sodium was studied in an extensive series of tests involving different ionic exchange process variables such as time and temperature. The results indicated that its exchange capacity is very high, even reach 41.3 mg/g. The Na/Li ion exchange reaction rate increased obviously with increasing temperature, and the kinetic data fitted well to the equation of Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolmogorov with a regression coefficient value of above 0.99.

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Reaction of NASICON with water

Cited by 65 publications

References 10 publications

Aqueous Stability of Alkali Superionic Conductors from First-Principles Calculations

Aqueous Stability of Alkali Superionic Conductors from First-Principles Calculations

Rechargeable Seawater Battery and Its Electrochemical Mechanism

Selective sodium removal from lithium chloride brine with novel inorganic ion exchanger

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