Reaching in the dark toward sound as a measure of auditory localization in infants

Perris, Eve E.; Clifton, Rachel K.

doi:10.1016/0163-6383(88)90007-0

Cited by 68 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The present results are in agreement with a number of previous studies (Berthier and Carrico 2010;Carrico and Berthier 2008;Clifton et al 1993;Fagard 2000;Konczak and Dichgans 1997;Perris and Clifton 1988;Robin et al 1996;and Corbetta and Snapp-Childs 2009;Schum et al 2011) in suggesting that touch contributes to the early development of the Reach and the Grasp and that visual guidance of these movements continues to develop into early childhood. The present results also extend this work in a number of ways.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Haptic grasping configurations in early infancy reveal different developmental profiles for visual guidance of the Reach versus the Grasp

Karl

Whishaw

2014

Exp Brain Res

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The Dual Visuomotor Channel theory posits that reaching consists of two movements mediated by separate but interacting visuomotor pathways that project from occipital to parietofrontal cortex. The Reach transports and orients the hand to the target while the Grasp opens and closes the hand for target purchase. Adults rely on foveal vision to synchronize the Reach and the Grasp so that the hand orients, opens, and largely closes by the time it gets to the target. Young infants produce discrete preReach and preGrasp movements, but it is unclear how these movements become synchronized under visual control throughout development. High-speed 3-D video recordings and linear kinematics were used to analyze reaching components, hand orientation, hand aperture, and grasping strategy in infants aged 4-24 months compared with adults who reached with and without vision. Infants aged 4-8 months resembled adults reaching without vision; in that, they delayed both Reach orientation and Grasp closure until after target contact, suggesting that they relied primarily on haptic cues to guide reaching. Infants aged 9-24 months oriented the Reach prior to target contact, but continued to delay the majority of Grasp closure until after target contact, suggesting that they relied on vision for the Reach versus haptics for the Grasp. Changes in sensorimotor control were associated with sequential Reach and Grasp configurations in early infancy versus partially synchronized Reach and Grasp configurations in later infancy. The results argue that (1) haptic inputs likely contribute to the initial development of separate Reach and Grasp pathways in parietofrontal cortex; (2) the Reach and the Grasp are adaptively uncoupled during development, likely to capitalize on different sensory inputs at different developmental stages; and (3) the developmental transition from haptic to visual control is asymmetrical with visual guidance of the Reach preceding that of the Grasp.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 95%

Haptic grasping configurations in early infancy reveal different developmental profiles for visual guidance of the Reach versus the Grasp

Karl

Whishaw

2014

Exp Brain Res

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“…In general, use of auditory perception for action has been a neglected research area in the ecological tradition (but see Russell & Turvey, 1999). The present findings corroborate the results of previous studies that newborns and older infants can differentiate between auditory information from left versus right (e.g., Morrongiello & Rocca, 1987;Muir & Field, 1979;Muir et al, 1999;Perris & Clifton, 1988;Wertheimer, 1961), and that they from the age of about six months can localize auditory information for reaching up to 12-14° precisely (Ashmead et al, 1987;Morrongiello, 1988;Morrongiello et al, 1994). The findings are also in agreement with studies where the task for the infant was to find its way to mum or an object around obstacles with the help of visual perception (e.g., Caruso, 1993;Hazen et al, 1978;Lockman, 1984;McKenzie & Bigelow, 1986;Pick, 1993;.…”

Section: The Role Of Auditory Information In Guiding Whole Body Movemsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Head and eye movements can indicate a sound's direction but they cannot inform about distances. Previous research has shown that sighted infants will reach for sounding objects in the absence of visual clues (Ashmead et al, 1987;Clifton, 1992;Clifton et al, 1991;Litovsky & Clifton, 1992;Morrongiello, 1988;Perris & Clifton, 1988). This ability implies a sense of auditory space, a world in which sounding objects are localized in relation to one's body.…”

Section: Vision Versus Hearingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auditory Guided Arm and Whole Body Movements in Young Infants

Meer¹,

Weel²

2011

Advances in Sound Localization

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“…For example, 5-month-olds will reach toward an invisible, silent object after the room lights have been turned off (Bower & Wishart, 1972;Hood & Willatts, 1986). This phenomenon is impressive because the reaching is not based on auditory localization of a sounding object in darkness as is more commonly studied (e. g. Perris & Clifton, 1988). However, we would argue that such reaching in the dark is not based on the same representational underpinning that infants use to search for a totally occluded object.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Factors affecting infants’ manual search for occluded objects and the genesis of object permanence

Moore

Meltzoff

2008

Infant Behavior and Development

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Two experiments systematically examined factors that influence infants' manual search for hidden objects (N = 96). Experiment 1 used a new procedure to assess infants' search for partially versus totally occluded objects. Results showed that 8.75-month-old infants solved partial occlusions by removing the occluder and uncovering the object, but these same infants failed to use this skill on total occlusions. Experiment 2 used sound-producing objects to provide a perceptual clue to the objects' hidden location. Sound clues significantly increased the success rate on total occlusions for 10-month-olds, but not for 8.75-month-olds. An identity development account is offered for why infants succeed on partial occlusions earlier than total occlusions and why sound helps only the older infants. We propose a mechanism for how infants use object identity as a basis for developing a notion of permanence. Implications are drawn for understanding the dissociation between lookingtime and search assessments of object permanence.

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Reaching in the dark toward sound as a measure of auditory localization in infants

Cited by 68 publications

References 27 publications

Haptic grasping configurations in early infancy reveal different developmental profiles for visual guidance of the Reach versus the Grasp

Haptic grasping configurations in early infancy reveal different developmental profiles for visual guidance of the Reach versus the Grasp

Auditory Guided Arm and Whole Body Movements in Young Infants

Factors affecting infants’ manual search for occluded objects and the genesis of object permanence

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