Re-infection of <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> in patients presenting to the genitourinary medicine clinic in Portsmouth: the chlamydia screening pilot study — three years on

Lee, V F; Tobin, J M; Harindra, V

doi:10.1258/0956462042395203

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Another consideration is the practicality of retesting, as several studies demonstrated that less than 30% of initially infected females were retested. 48,64 Retesting at 3 to 6 months was supported by tier 1 modeling data that estimated the rate of reinfection at 6 months to be 14.7%, which exceeded the median for tier 1 studies (13.0%) and approached the higher median observed for tier 2 studies (18.0%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…In all studies, routine screening in the absence of symptoms identified the majority of infections. Of the 7 studies that provided data on the reasons that females returned for a subsequent test, 39,43,46,51,[62][63][64] only 1 study distinguished between the initial and subsequent visit. 64 Innovative and effective partner treatment strategies were generally associated with lower rates of reinfection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 7 studies that provided data on the reasons that females returned for a subsequent test, 39,43,46,51,[62][63][64] only 1 study distinguished between the initial and subsequent visit. 64 Innovative and effective partner treatment strategies were generally associated with lower rates of reinfection. Expedited partner therapy (EPT) significantly decreased chlamydia reinfection estimates in 1 randomized control trial 58 and gonococcal reinfection estimates in another randomized control trial.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeat Infection With Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Females: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Hosenfeld

Workowski²,

Berman³

et al. 2009

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

279

207

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Determining the magnitude of chlamydia and gonorrhea reinfection is critical to inform evidence-based clinical practice guidelines related to retesting after treatment. PubMed was used to identify peer-reviewed English language studies published in the past 30 years that estimated reinfection rates among females treated for chlamydia or gonorrhea. Included in this analysis were original studies conducted in the United States and other industrialized countries that reported data on chlamydia or gonorrhea reinfection in females. Studies were stratified into 3 tiers based on study design. Reinfection rates were examined in relation to the organism, study design, length of follow-up, and population characteristics. Of the 47 studies included, 16 were active cohort (Tier 1), 15 passive cohort (Tier 2), and 16 disease registry (Tier 3) studies. The overall median proportion of females reinfected with chlamydia was 13.9% (n = 38 studies). Modeled chlamydia reinfection within 12 months demonstrated peak rates of 19% to 20% at 8 to 10 months. The overall median proportion of females reinfected with gonorrhea was 11.7% (n = 17 studies). Younger age was associated with higher rates of both chlamydia and gonorrhea reinfection. High rates of reinfection with chlamydia and gonorrhea among females, along with practical considerations, warrant retesting 3 to 6 months after treatment of the initial infection. Further research should investigate effective interventions to reduce reinfection and to increase retesting.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Repeat Infection With Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Females: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Hosenfeld

Workowski²,

Berman³

et al. 2009

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

279

207

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Individuals at greatest risk for acquiring and transmitting HIV are those with ulcerative types of STIs such as syphilis, genital ulcer disease, and herpes (Donders, 2000; Hanson, Posner, Hassig, Rice, & Farley, 2005; Lee, Tobin, & Harindra, 2004; Risbud, 2005). However, nonulcerative STIs (gonorrhea, Chlamydia, nongonococcal urethritis) can also promote the transmission of HIV by altering the cells of the genital tract and enhancing the shedding of the HIV virus (Risbud, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

Factors Associated With Sexually Transmitted Infections in Men and Women

Gullette

Rooker

Kennedy

2009

Journal of Community Health Nursing

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Background Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remains a serious healthcare problem costing approximately 13 billion dollars annually to treat. Men and women who contract STIs have a higher risk for reinfection and for developing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Determining the risk factors associated with STIs in a community would be helpful in designing culturally appropriate tailored interventions to reduce spread of STIs. Purpose The purpose of this retrospective chart review was to determine the frequency and type of STIs, as well as to determine the predictor variables associated with STIs among those seeking treatment at a local inner city health unit. Method A total of 237 medical records were reviewed from a STI clinic. The sample comprised 119 men and 118 women, of whom 70.9% were African American. The mean age was 27, and 38% had a prior STI. Men used significantly more condoms (χ2 = 24.28, p = 0.000), had more sexual partners (χ2 =18.36, p = 0.003), and had more prior infections of gonorrhea (χ2 = 10.04, p =0.002) than women. Women had significantly more prior infections of Chlamydia (χ2 = 11.74, p = 0.001). Using no type of birth control measures (pills, diaphragm, implants) was a significant predictor of number of sexual partners (t = 2.441, p < 0.015), but negatively associated with condom use (t = −12.290, p < 0.000). Conclusions Over one-third had a prior STI, indicating that individuals do not perceive themselves to be at risk for another STI, and choose not to use condoms. Reasons why individuals continue to put themselves at risk need to be explored in gender specific focus groups so that tailored sexual risk reduction programs can be designed to meet the needs of different communities.

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“…We did not investigate acquisition of new sexual partners or failure to treat all previous partners as reported to be associated with reinfection with chlamydial infection. 13,14 Those conclusions however have not been supported by other studies. 15 Because of such discrepancy, neither of those variables was investigated in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

The demographical and clinical features of patients reattending a genitourinary medicine clinic and the role of counselling on subsequent incidence of sexually transmitted infections

Manavi¹,

Bolton²

2008

Int J STD AIDS

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The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of reinfection with sexually transmitted infection (STI) and its possible predicting factors among patients reattending a department of genitourinary (GU) medicine. The method included a retrospective study on consecutive patients re-screened for STI in a busy department of GU medicine between January 1996 and April 2005. Cox regression model was used to investigate the association of age, gender, sex group, previous STI, counselling for an STI on the last attendance, number of sexual partners in the previous attendance episode, condom use and the number for partners with whom they had unprotected sex, with STI at current screening. The results show that 302 consecutive patients with more than two attendance episodes were included in the study. Patients were mostly women (92%), younger than 35 years (80%) and heterosexual (98%). At baseline, 70 (23%) patients had STI. The incidence density of STI at the end of follow-up period was 15.69/100 person-years. Testing positive for an STI was associated with age younger than 25 years (hazard ratio 2.70 [95% confidence interval 1.70-4.57]; P = 0.000). In conclusion, our study confirmed the improvement in access to GU medicine services, encouragement of patients with an STI for re-screening on regular basis and use of novel STI counselling strategies, especially for younger patients may reduce the incidence of subsequent STI.

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Re-infection of Chlamydia trachomatis in patients presenting to the genitourinary medicine clinic in Portsmouth: the chlamydia screening pilot study — three years on

Cited by 7 publications

References 14 publications

Repeat Infection With Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Females: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Repeat Infection With Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Among Females: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Factors Associated With Sexually Transmitted Infections in Men and Women

The demographical and clinical features of patients reattending a genitourinary medicine clinic and the role of counselling on subsequent incidence of sexually transmitted infections

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