Re-Imagining the Data Collection and Analysis Research Process by Proposing a Rapid Qualitative Data Collection and Analytic Roadmap Applied to the Dynamic Context of Precision Medicine

Abstract

Our implementation science study focuses on implementing a new way of practice and offers methodological specificity about how to rapidly investigate an individually tailored precision medicine intervention. A qualitative study advancing a new methodology for speedily identifying barriers and enablers to implementation in the context of childhood cancer. Data were collected through rapid ethnography, coded using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, and analysed by Sentiment Analysis. Thirty-eight data collection events occurred during 14 multidisciplinary tumour board meetings, 14 curation meetings, and 10 informal conversations. Sentiment Analysis distilled Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research codes to reveal key barriers and enablers to implementation. A traffic light labelling system has been used to present levels of positivity and negativity (green for strong enablers and red for strong barriers), highlighting levels of concern regarding implementation. Within the intervention design characteristics, “Adaptability” was the strongest enabler and “Design quality and safety” the strongest barrier. Among the contextual factors: “Networks and communication” were the strongest enabler, and “Available resources” were the strongest barrier. Overall, there was a higher percentage of negative sentiment towards intervention design characteristics and contextual factors than positive sentiment, while more concerns were raised about intervention design factors than contextual factors. This study offers a rapid qualitative data collection and analytic methodological roadmap for establishing barriers and enablers to a paediatric precision medicine intervention.

Feasibility Meets Implementation Science: Narrowing the Research-To-Practice Gap for Exercise Activity in Multiple Sclerosis

“…Alternatively other a-priori codes (acceptability) were merged into new codes (acceptability was merged into ‘Evaluate multiple aspects of feasibility). There was no attempt to capture data saturation in line with other research based on reflexive thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2021), recognising our contribution is interpretative, and meaning is generated through the interpretation of data (Smith, Braithwaite, O'Brien, Smith, Tyrrell, et al, 2022; Smith, Braithwaite, O'Brien, Smith, Tyrell, et al, 2022).…”

“…Poor training or low competence of personnel may impact the results of the intervention (Chen et al, 2022; Tickle-Degnen, 2013). Further, management feasibility addresses staff time commitments, providing vital information for policy-makers when weighing up which interventions to consider for future research relevant for clinical practice, and this information could further contribute to understanding intervention fidelity (Smith, Braithwaite, O'Brien, Smith, Tyrell, et al, 2022). There is urgency needed in establishing the goals of preliminary studies as research funding applications are assessed based on a varied list of standards which may lack consistency.…”

“…Feasibility research highlights an opportunity within implementation science to efficiently narrow research-to-practice gaps and provide more finely tuned guidance early on for implementation strategies and intervention optimisation. To remedy the need to narrow the research-to-practice gap, we propose that just as implementation science frameworks can evolve (Damschroder et al, 2022; Smith J., 2022), implementation science must too (Rapport et al, 2022) through a keen focus on feasibility (Smith, Braithwaite, O'Brien, Smith, Tyrrell, et al, 2022; Smith, Braithwaite, O'Brien, Smith, Tyrell, et al, 2022). This alternative view contrasts the existing belief that implementation science is exclusive to strong efficacious work or real world efficacy as per Hybrid effectiveness-implementation trials (Lane-Fall et al, 2019).…”

The Voices of Stakeholders Involved in Precision Medicine: The Co-Design and Evaluation of Qualitative Indicators of Intervention Acceptability, Fidelity and Context in PRecISion Medicine for Children With Cancer in Australia

“…To more fully embrace a transdisciplinary approach to learning could include other disciplinary groups, such as pharmacists, at an earlier part of the decision-making process and as an integral part of the skill mix (Battaglia & Glasgow, 2018). This would not only develop competencies but also approaches to collaboration to positively impact outer system-level barriers (external policies and influences on the intervention, such as drug medication access and procurement) (Braithwaite, 2018; Smith et al, 2022; Smith, Rapport, et al, 2020). Although the concept of a rapid health learning environment is considered, in many respects, to be in its embryonic stage (Coiera, 2020), its potential for use within the PRISM trial as both a training and educational driver seems plausible.…”

Theory-Responsive Data Analysis: Searching for the Closest Fit

“…And rapid qualitative research (RQR) is well-suited to fluid, quickly changing contexts such as hospitals during the COVID-19 pandemic (Luciani, et al, 2021) and corporate institutions (Isaacs, 2013). Research in these venues privileges the perspectives of insiders and accelerated data analysis, and generates information that is highly contextualized (Smith, et al, 2022).…”