RDX Degradation Potential in Soils Previously Unexposed to RDX and the Identification of RDX-Degrading Species in One Agricultural Soil Using Stable Isotope Probing

Jayamani, Indumathy; Manzella, Michael P.; Cupples, Alison M.

doi:10.1007/s11270-013-1745-4

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…In addition, for the nodes categorized as uncultured bacteria, 91.30% of them belonged to Chitinophagaceae, which were identified in the time-resolved microbial community analysis. A previous study confirmed that Chitinophagaceae assimilated nitrogenous hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro1,3,5-triazine using DNA-SIP, which strongly suggested the important role of Chitinophagaceae in 3A5MI catabolism.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Microbial Interactions Drive the Complete Catabolism of the Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole in Activated Sludge Microbiomes

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microbial communities are believed to outperform monocultures in the complete catabolism of organic pollutants via reduced metabolic burden and increased robustness to environmental challenges; however, the interaction mechanism in functional microbiomes remains poorly understood. Here, three functionally differentiated activated sludge microbiomes (S1: complete catabolism of sulfamethoxazole (SMX); S2: complete catabolism of the phenyl part of SMX ([phenyl]-SMX) with stable accumulation of its heterocyclic product 3-amino-5-methylisoxazole (3A5MI); A: complete catabolism of 3A5MI rather than [phenyl]-SMX) were enriched. Combining time-series cultivation-independent microbial community analysis, DNA-stable isotope probing, molecular ecological network analysis, and cultivation-dependent function verification, we identified key players involved in the SMX degradation process. Paenarthrobacter and Nocardioides were primary degraders for the initial cleavage of the sulfonamide functional group (−C–S–N– bond) and 3A5MI degradation, respectively. Complete catabolism of SMX was achieved by their cross-feeding. The co-culture of Nocardioides, Acidovorax, and Sphingobium demonstrated that the nondegraders Acidovorax and Sphingobium were involved in the enhancement of 3A5MI degradation. Moreover, we unraveled the internal labor division patterns and connections among the active members centered on the two primary degraders. Overall, the proposed methodology is promisingly applicable and would help generate mechanistic, predictive, and operational understanding of the collaborative biodegradation of various contaminants. This study provides useful information for synthetic activated sludge microbiomes with optimized environmental functions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 58%

Microbial Interactions Drive the Complete Catabolism of the Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole in Activated Sludge Microbiomes

Liang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Stoichiometric reduction of NTO to ATO was observed in previous literature with Bacillus licheniformis and mammalian liver microsomes 18 and has been observed in environmental soils for RDX. 29 The results here indicate this reduction process is very ubiquitous.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Similar to our findings, the degradation of the heterocyclic compound RDX was not degraded by soil microbial communities under aerobic conditions. 29 TNT is also not readily degraded aerobically except when coamended with other substrates which cause nitro-group reduction to occur. 30 In our study, however, the addition of glucose as a cosubstrate did not aid in the biodegradation of NTO under aerobic conditions.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotransformation and Degradation of the Insensitive Munitions Compound, 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, by Soil Bacterial Communities

Krzmarzick

Khatiwada

Olivares

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Insensitive munitions (IM) are a new class of explosives that are increasingly being adopted by the military. The ability of soil microbial communities to degrade IMs is relatively unknown. In this study, microbial communities from a wide range of soils were tested in microcosms for their ability to degrade the IM, 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO). All seven soil inocula tested were able to readily reduce NTO to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO) via 3-hydroxyamino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (HTO), under anaerobic conditions with H2 as an electron donor. Numerous other electron donors were shown to be suitable for NTO-reducing bacteria. The addition of a small amount of yeast extract (10 mg/L) was critical to diminish lag times and increased the biotransformation rate of NTO in nearly all cases indicating yeast extract provided important nutrients for NTO-reducing bacteria. The main biotransformation product, ATO, was degradable only in aerobic conditions, as evidenced by a rise in the inorganic nitrogen species nitrite and nitrate, indicative of nitrogen-mineralization. NTO was nonbiodegradable in aerobic microcosms with all soil inocula.

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“…As explosives may be toxic and harmful to the environment [ 1 , 6 – 11 ], it is important to remediate these contaminated brownfield sites before regeneration and redevelopment can safely occur [ 6 , 9 , 12 – 18 ]. A significant body of research has been performed to investigate the bioremediation of explosives-contaminated soils [ 5 , 8 , 19 – 38 ], however much of this has assessed ‘pristine’ soils, unexposed to an actual detonation process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explosive detonation causes an increase in soil porosity leading to increased TNT transformation

Daéid

Dawson

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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Explosives are a common soil contaminant at a range of sites, including explosives manufacturing plants and areas associated with landmine detonations. As many explosives are toxic and may cause adverse environmental effects, a large body of research has targeted the remediation of explosives residues in soil. Studies in this area have largely involved spiking ‘pristine’ soils using explosives solutions. Here we investigate the fate of explosives present in soils following an actual detonation process and compare this to the fate of explosives spiked into ‘pristine’ undetonated soils. We also assess the effects of the detonations on the physical properties of the soils. Our scanning electron microscopy analyses reveal that detonations result in newly-fractured planes within the soil aggregates, and novel micro Computed Tomography analyses of the soils reveal, for the first time, the effect of the detonations on the internal architecture of the soils. We demonstrate that detonations cause an increase in soil porosity, and this correlates to an increased rate of TNT transformation and loss within the detonated soils, compared to spiked pristine soils. We propose that this increased TNT transformation is due to an increased bioavailability of the TNT within the now more porous post-detonation soils, making the TNT more easily accessible by soil-borne bacteria for potential biodegradation. This new discovery potentially exposes novel remediation methods for explosive contaminated soils where actual detonation of the soil significantly promotes subsequent TNT degradation. This work also suggests previously unexplored ramifications associated with high energy soil disruption.

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RDX Degradation Potential in Soils Previously Unexposed to RDX and the Identification of RDX-Degrading Species in One Agricultural Soil Using Stable Isotope Probing

Cited by 18 publications

References 91 publications

Microbial Interactions Drive the Complete Catabolism of the Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole in Activated Sludge Microbiomes

Microbial Interactions Drive the Complete Catabolism of the Antibiotic Sulfamethoxazole in Activated Sludge Microbiomes

Biotransformation and Degradation of the Insensitive Munitions Compound, 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, by Soil Bacterial Communities

Explosive detonation causes an increase in soil porosity leading to increased TNT transformation

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