RDRP (Meth)acrylic Homo and Block Polymers from Lignocellulosic Sugar Derivatives

Abstract

Currently, most commodity chemicals and polymers are manufactured from nonrenewable petroleum-based resources. However, due to its finite nature and social claims about environment preservation, alternative sources of value-added and building block chemicals are being intensively studied. Renewable lignocellulosic biomass has offered an attractive replacement for fossil-based chemicals. Lignin and C5/C6 sugars obtained from lignocellulosic biomass through chemical and enzymatic methods can be further transformed to targeted chemical platforms. In the present review, synthetic pathways for well-defined poly(meth)acrylates obtained from C5/C6 sugar-derived platforms in which the sugar structure is not retained are discussed. While bio-based polymers from these monomers are investigated using a wide range of polymerization techniques, this study focuses on precise synthesis of macromolecular structures taking advantage of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization methods and their applications.

From non-conventional ideas to multifunctional solvents inspired by green chemistry: fancy or sustainable macromolecular chemistry?

“…1,2 Typical techniques, however, do not enable receiving products characterized by predetermined structures and narrow molecular mass distribution, which are the main attributes of reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) and stem from fixed concentration of propagating radicals. 3,4 This entirely new method is thought to hold great potential due to its high versatility in polymerizations of diverse monomers, such as (meth)acrylates, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11] acrylamides [12][13][14][15][16] but also charged 17,18 or acidic [19][20][21] compounds. Considering the polymerization mechanism, the most frequently used types of RDRP techniques should be (1) atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), catalysed mainly by transition metal complexes, 9,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28] (Fig.…”

Modular Approach to Bio-Based Poly(enol ether)s with Tunable Thermal Properties and Degradability

“…The recent applications of controlled polymerization techniques in biomass resources have unlocked the access to a library of well-defined biomass-derived polymers with novel structures, predetermined molecular weights, and desired properties. , In this emerging direction, biomass-derived small molecules are incorporated with a polymerizable functionality that allows them to polymerize via a specific controlled polymerization mechanism such as reversible-deactivation radical polymerization, − cationic ring-opening polymerization, − and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). − Among those polymerization techniques, ROMP has received an increasing interest in producing biobased polymers due to its excellent functional group compatibility and high tolerance to air and water . To date, a variety of biomass-derived feedstocks, including apopinene, δ-pinene, , terpenoid, rosin, lignin, fatty acid, levoglucosenone, , sinapic acids, itaconic anhydride, vanillin, and d -glucose, have been transformed into synthetic polymers by the ROMP method.…”

Temperature-Responsive Lactic Acid-Based Nanoparticles by RAFT-Mediated Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly in Water

“…Advances in polymer science include the advent of reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) techniques which allow for the synthesis of well-defined polymers and the ability to access more complex copolymer compositions, such as block copolymers . RDRP of biobased monomers has recently become an area of interest, − including synthesizing biobased block copolymers from various resources such as lignocellulosic biomass and vegetable oils . Block copolymers can self-assemble in bulk and solution when the blocks have dissimilar properties, , making them desirable in applications like pressure-sensitive adhesives, thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), and coatings …”