Raw machine translation use by patent professionals

Nurminen, Mikko

doi:10.1075/tcb.00036.nur

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…In many contexts, even professional ones, an overly literal or slightly awkward translation is good enough for our needs. We do not need a perfect or publishable translation, we just need a general idea of what the text says (Nurminen 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine translation in the multilingual classroom

Dorst

Valdez

Bouman

2022

TTMC

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Machine Translation (MT), the process by which a computer engine such as Google Translate or Bing automatically translates a text from one language into another without any human involvement, is increasingly used in professional, institutional and everyday contexts for a wide range of purposes. While a growing number of studies has looked at professional translators and translation students, there is currently a lack of research on non-translator users and uses in multilingual contexts. This paper presents a survey examining how, when and why students at Leiden University’s Faculty of Humanities use MT. A questionnaire was used to determine which MT engines students use and for what purposes, and gauge their awareness of issues concerning privacy, academic integrity and plagiarism. The findings reveal a widespread adoption of Google Translate and indicate that students use MT predominantly to look up single words, as an alternative to a dictionary. Many seemed sceptical about the value of MT for educational purposes, and many assumed that the use of MT is not permitted by lecturers for graded assignments, especially in courses focusing on language skills. The results demonstrate a clear need for more MT literacy. Students may not need practical training in how to use MT, but there is much room for improvement in terms of when and why they use it.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine translation in the multilingual classroom

Dorst

Valdez

Bouman

2022

TTMC

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“…In the field of translation, most of these studies have focused on how professional translators or translation students interact with MT in the human translation process (e.g., Jia and Zheng 2022;Toral, Wieling, and Way 2018). There are also studies on MT use in language education (e.g., Jolley and Maimone 2015) and in other specialised areas such as healthcare and law (Vieira, O'Hagan, and O'Sullivan 2020), patent processing (Nurminen 2019) and information technology services (Berbyuk Lindström and Cordeiro 2022). Some studies examine broader implications of MT for multilingualism and communication.…”

Section: Research On Machine Translation and Societymentioning

confidence: 99%

The many guises of machine translation

Vieira

2023

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Machine translation (MT) tools are widely available. They may be present in different spaces in ways that consumers of the content do not necessarily control or realise, and research to date has paid little attention to these human-MT encounters. This article draws on the philosophy of technology literature to consider implications of MT’s permeating presence in online environments as well as in face-to-face interactions. The focus of the article is on two situations where humans can come across MT: while browsing websites and when speaking with figures of authority. The article highlights ways in which humans’ relationship with MT transcends conscious decisions to operate an MT tool directly. It argues that the human-MT relationship can also be one of immersion where MT blends with the environment in ways that, on the one hand, break language barriers but, on the other, influence, persuade, and on occasion misinform.

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“…For instance, Anazawa et al (2013) describe how practicing nurses in Japan use machine translation to stay on top of the latest developments in international nursing literature. Bowker and Buitrago Ciro ( 2019) investigate the use of this tool by researchers who want to publish in other languages, Nurminen (2020) explains that patent professionals use this technology to search for international patents, and O'Brien and Ehrensberger-Dow (2020) observe that machine translation may be used to facilitate communication in a crisis (e.g., following an earthquake). In each case, the researchers emphasize that some form of machine translation literacy instruction is needed to allow users to make better decisions about employing the technology and to optimize its use.…”

Section: What Is Driving the Need For Machine Translation Literacy?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoting Linguistic Diversity and Inclusion

Bowker

2021

IJIDI

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Using a lingua franca for scholarly communication offers some advantages, but it also limits research diversity, and there is a growing movement to encourage publication in other languages. Both approaches require scholars to access material through other languages, and more people are turning to machine translation to help with this task. Machine translation has improved considerably in recent years with the introduction of artificial intelligence techniques such as machine learning; however, it is far from perfect and users who are not trained as professional translators need to improve their machine translation literacy to use this technology effectively. Machine translation literacy is less about acquiring techno-procedural skills and more about developing cognitive competences. In this way, machine translation literacy aligns with the overall direction of the Association of College & Research Libraries’ (2015) Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education, which encourages a conceptual, rather than a skills-based, approach. This case study presents a pilot project in which machine translation literacy instruction was incorporated into a broader program of information literacy and delivered to first-year students—both Anglophone and non-Anglophone—at a Canadian university. Students were surveyed and, overall, they found the machine translation literacy module to be valuable and recommended that similar instruction be made available to all students. Academic librarians are well positioned to participate in the delivery of machine translation literacy instruction as part of a broader information literacy program, and in so doing, they can promote linguistic diversity and better enable students and researchers from all regions to participate in scholarly conversations.

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Raw machine translation use by patent professionals

Cited by 14 publications

References 37 publications

Machine translation in the multilingual classroom

Machine translation in the multilingual classroom

The many guises of machine translation

Promoting Linguistic Diversity and Inclusion

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