Raw beef bones as chewing items to reduce dental calculus in Beagle dogs

Marx, Fábio Ritter; Machado, GS; Pezzali, JG; Marcolla, CS; Kessler, Alexandre de Mello; Ahlstrøm, Øystein; Trevizan, Luciano

doi:10.1111/avj.12394

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Next, each image was analyzed by only drawing the outline areas of integrated teeth covered by calculus. The total area was compared with the calculus-covered area by using the same images to determine the proportion of calculus with regard to the total area of teeth, as reported by Marx et al [24]. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228146.g001…”

Section: Calculus Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although some dog handlers, trainers and veterinarians had reservations regarding the use of masticatory items as they caused dental fractures, esophageal and intestinal obstructions [18,19,20,21,22,23], Marx et al [24] showed that the use of specific bones was effective in controlling dental calculus. They evaluated two types of raw bones [cortical bone (CB) vs. spongy bone (SB)] and showed that large accumulations of calculus are removed in the first 3 days of inclusion of masticatory items, with SB removing a higher percentage of calculus in a few days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of teeth injuries in Beagle dogs caused by autoclaved beef bones used as a chewing item to remove dental calculus

Pinto

Lehr

Pignone³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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Dental calculus (DC) is the most widespread oral problem in domestic dogs. Chewing items are used to remove DC from the tooth surface; they also favor oral health and animal welfare. Raw beef bone mastication also shortly reduces DC in adult dogs. However, it can cause oral lesions and hence is not popular. This study evaluated the impact of bone mastication on the dental roots, enamel, and gingiva of dogs. Twelve adult Beagle dogs were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups in a completely randomized block design: cortical bone (CB) or spongy bone (SB). Intraoral radiographs were obtained on days 0 and 14, and calculus assessment was performed using images captured on days 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 14; an integration program was used to measure the proportion between the area covered by calculus and the total area of teeth. DC was completely removed from the first and second premolars and molars from both the arcades in less than 3 days of supplementation, indicating that these teeth were frequently used for chewing (P < 0.10). Bones were highly effective for DC removal and gingival inflammation reduction. Despite the hardness of bones, no lesions or teeth root and enamel fracture, or esophageal or intestinal obstructions-complications related to bone ingestion-were noted. However, SB showed some gingival lesions (n = 4) and bone remnants between teeth (n = 2). Gingival lesions were caused by the daily and continuous supply of new pieces of bone for 13 days. Specific pieces of bone should be used for oral home care programs because they shortly remove almost 90% of DC, allowing longer intervals between periodontal cleaning procedures. Long-term studies are required to evaluate the use of bones and evaluate their impact on teeth and periodontium after prolonged supplementation.

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Section: Calculus Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of teeth injuries in Beagle dogs caused by autoclaved beef bones used as a chewing item to remove dental calculus

Pinto

Lehr

Pignone³

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Outcome 2, Experiment 2: Reduction (%) of tooth area covered with dental calculus over time (1,3,7,9,12,14,17, 20 days) compared to baseline day 0.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the current study on raw complementary feeds, this lack of evidence is similar, with no evidence available for effects on dental health of any type of dietary raw treat other than raw bones. However, the evidence on raw bones (Marx et al, 2016) is weak due to a serious risk of bias caused by limitations in the experimental design. Furthermore, weaknesses in reporting meant this research was difficult to fully appraise.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Dogs Does Feeding Raw Dietary Treats Reduce or Prevent Periodontal Disease?

Veggel

Oxley²

2018

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PICO question In Dogs Does Feeding Raw Dietary Treats Reduce or Prevent Periodontal Disease?Clinical bottom line Considering the weak evidence on raw bones and lack of evidence on other types of raw treats, veterinarians and veterinary nurses should be cautious when recommending raw treats to support periodontal health in dogs. Additionally, they should advise clients accordingly by relying on their clinical experience rather than the literature until more and better quality evidence is generated. <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

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“…Another small animal study examined the effects of chewing on raw beef bones to reduce dental calculus in dogs . The results showed that chewing on cortical bone (CB) reduced calculus by 35.5% after 3 days and 70.6% after 12 days.…”

Section: Small Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%