Rationally designed nanocarriers for intranasal therapy of allergic rhinitis: influence of carrier type on in vivo nasal deposition

Abstract

The aim of this study is to develop a locally acting nasal delivery system of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) for the maintenance therapy of allergic rhinitis. The effect of encapsulating TA in different nanocarriers on its mucosal permeation and retention as well as in vivo nasal deposition has been studied. A comparative study was established between polymeric oil core nanocapsules (NCs), lipid nanocarriers such as nanoemulsion (NE), and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). The elaborated nanocarriers were compared with TA suspension and the commercially available suspension “Nasacort ® ”. The study revealed that NC provided the highest mucosal retention, as 46.14%±0.048% of the TA initial dose was retained after 24 hours, while showing the least permeation through the nasal mucosa. On the other hand, for TA suspension and Nasacort ® , the mucosal retention did not exceed 23.5%±0.047% of the initial dose after 24 hours. For NE and NLC, values of mucosal retention were 19.4%±0.041% and 10.97%±0.13%, respectively. NC also showed lower mucosal irritation and superior stability compared with NE. The in vivo nasal deposition study demonstrated that NC maintained drug in its site of action (nasal cavity mucosa) for the longest period of time. The elaborated polymeric oil core NCs are efficient carriers for the administration of nasally acting TA as it produced the least permeation results, thus decreasing systemic absorption of TA. Although NCs have been administered via various routes, this is the first study to implement the polymeric oil core NC as an efficient carrier for localized nasal drug delivery.

Intranasal Nanoparticulate Systems as Alternative Route of Drug Delivery

“…The results showed that NCs with sizes in the range of 200-570 nm led to hypocalcemic effects that were considerably enhanced and prolonged compared to the corresponding salmon calcitonin nanoemulsion or to the aqueous solutions with chitosan. Sallam et al [162] developed a locally acting nasal delivery system of triamcinolone acetonide using different nanosystems. The NCs composed of a Capryol ® oily core and Eudragit RS100 provided the highest mucosal retention compared to the NEs and NLCs with the least permeation, thus the drug was retained on the nasal mucosa.…”

Lactobacillus crispatus BC1 Biosurfactant Delivered by Hyalurosomes: An Advanced Strategy to Counteract Candida Biofilm

“…A prerequisite for successful topical vaginal therapy is the formulation’s ability to guarantee a prolonged contact with the vaginal mucosa [ 38 ]. For this reason, mucoadhesive properties were investigated by measuring the turbidity at 650 nm of vesicle suspensions in the presence of mucin [ 16 , 39 , 40 ]. An increased turbidity with respect to the control (vesicle suspension without mucin) implies a greater mucoadhesion.…”

“…Mucoadhesive properties were investigated by measuring the turbidity of the suspensions containing phospholipid vesicles together with mucin [ 16 , 39 , 40 , 55 ]. Mucin was dispersed in water (0.08% w/v ) for 6 h. Subsequently, the mucin dispersion was centrifuged at 7500 rpm (GS-15R Centrifuge, Beckman Coulter, Milan, Italy) for 20 min.…”

Chitosan Hydrogel Doped with PEG-PLA Nanoparticles for the Local Delivery of miRNA-146a to Treat Allergic Rhinitis

“…To remove the limitation of applying miRNA in the nasal mucosa, we sought to design a safe and stable formulation to deliver miR-146afor the local treatment of allergic rhinitis. According to the unique pH (5.5–7.8) and temperature (32–35 °C) of the nasal cavity [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], a thermosensitive in situ hydrogel was designed that is liquid at room temperature for easy preparation and administration with a controllable dosage ( Scheme 1 ). After reaching the lesion area, it should be transformed into gel to increase retention time.…”