Rationally Designed High-Sulfur-Content Polymeric Cathode Material for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Bhargav, Amruth; Chang, Chia Hui; Fu, Yongzhu; Manthiram, Arumugam

doi:10.1021/acsami.8b21395

Cited by 64 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…[108] For instance, polyethy- lene hexasulfide was obtained by inserting ethylene groups between six linear sulfur atoms in a chain via a condensation reaction. [113] Such structural design successfully reduces the E/ S ratio to 6.8 mL mg S À1 . In addition, because of the solid-solid conversion electrochemical mechanism, [102,106] SPAN, which is a current research hotspot among the sulfur cathodes, demonstrates tremendous potential to minimize the volume of electrolyte, although there have been no report so far on SPAN's lean-electrolyte operation.…”

Section: Li-s Batteries Based On Solid-solid Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium–Sulfur Batteries under Lean Electrolyte Conditions: Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2020

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The development of energy‐storage devices has received increasing attention as a transformative technology to realize a low‐carbon economy and sustainable energy supply. Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries are considered to be one of the most promising next‐generation energy‐storage devices due to their ultrahigh energy density. Despite the extraordinary progress in the last few years, the actual energy density of Li–S batteries is still far from satisfactory to meet the demand for practical applications. Considering the sulfur electrochemistry is highly dependent on solid‐liquid‐solid multi‐phase conversion, the electrolyte amount plays a primary role in the practical performances of Li–S cells. Therefore, a lean electrolyte volume with low electrolyte/sulfur ratio is essential for practical Li–S batteries, yet under these conditions it is highly challenging to achieve acceptable electrochemical performances regarding sulfur kinetics, discharge capacity, Coulombic efficiency, and cycling stability especially for high‐sulfur‐loading cathodes. In this Review, the impact of the electrolyte/sulfur ratio on the actual energy density and the economic cost of Li–S batteries is addressed. Challenges and recent progress are presented in terms of the sulfur electrochemical processes: the dissolution–precipitation conversion and the solid–solid multi‐phasic transition. Finally, prospects of future lean‐electrolyte Li–S battery design and engineering are discussed.

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Section: Li-s Batteries Based On Solid-solid Conversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lithium–Sulfur Batteries under Lean Electrolyte Conditions: Challenges and Opportunities

et al. 2020

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Section: Sulfur Cathodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Bhargav et al introduced a new high‐sulfur‐content polymeric cathode material for LSBs . 1, 2‐ethanedithiol (EDT) was served as the organic precursor and its condensation reaction with elemental sulfur occurred under ambient temperature to get insoluble transparent yellow‐colored solid polyethylene hexasulfide (PEHS) polymer.…”

Section: Sulfur Cathodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Understanding of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Technology

Bai

Gulzar

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

301

233

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Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are regarded as a new kind of energy storage device due to their remarkable theoretical energy density. However, some issues, such as the low conductivity and the large volume variation of sulfur, as well as the formation of polysulfides during cycling, are yet to be addressed before LSBs can become an actual reality. Here, presented is a comprehensive overview illustrating the techniques capable of mitigating these undesirable problems together with the electrochemical performances associated to the different proposed solutions. In particular, the analysis is organized by separately addressing cathode, anode, separator, and electrolyte. Furthermore, to better understand the chemistry and failure mechanisms of LSBs, important characterization techniques applied to energy storage systems are reviewed. Similarly, considerations on the theoretical approaches used in the energy storage field are provided, as they can become the key tool for the design of the next generation LSBs. Afterward, the state of the art of LSBs technology is presented from a geopolitical perspective by comparing the results achieved in this field by the main world actors, namely Asia, North America, and Europe. Finally, this review is concluded with the application status of LSBs technology, and its prospects are offered.nonrenewable sources depletion and environment pollution (global warming and air/water quality). In particular, the abundant use of fossil fuels (especially coal and oil) is origin of many medical problems all over the world resulting in a constant rising of health-care national systems expenses. In this regard, especially solar and wind based energy sources, have been demonstrated to represent a valid alternative to fossil fuels. However, their energy instability related to a nonconstant presence of sun/wind, determines an intermittent energy production which severely jeopardize a stable and reliable energy supply to the grid. In order to mitigate and possibly even to completely solve this issue, a feasible solution is to couple solar/wind energy generators with energy storage devices. The presence of these systems would indeed allow the release of the produced energy into the grid at the right time, therefore avoiding any instability or even grid failure. Among the available energy storage devices, secondary batteries represent surely a valid choice owing to the abundant research in this field and to the number of applications already exploiting batteries as the main energy source. In this regard, here we recall lead-acid, nickel-cadmium and His work mainly aims in modeling and experimentally validating complex systems at the micro/nanoscale with strong emphasis on the final device. In particular, his research themes focus on the integration of different physics (i.e., interdisciplinary) such as photonics, heat diffusion, electric charge/mass diffusion, and mechanicaldeformation toward the development of innovative devices for energy manipulation (harvesting and storage).nitrogen element coul...

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“…[108] So wurde beispielsweise durch Kondensation von Ethylengruppen in eine lineare Kette aus sechs Schwefelatomen Polyethylenhexasulfid erhalten. [113] Diese neue Struktur verringerte das E/S-Verhältnis auf 6.8 mL mg S À1 . Ein Forschungsschwerpunkt zur reinen Festkçrperreaktion bei Schwefelkathoden ist derzeit SPAN.…”

Section: Reine Li-s-festkçrperbatterienunclassified

Lithium‐Schwefel‐Batterien mit Magerelektrolyt: Herausforderungen und Perspektiven

Zhao

Peng

et al. 2020

Angewandte Chemie

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Energiespeicher finden als wichtige Transformationstechnologie zur kohlenstoffarmen Wirtschaft und nachhaltigen Energieversorgung große Beachtung. Außerordentlich vielversprechend ist hierbei die Lithium‐Schwefel‐Batterie aufgrund ihrer hohen theoretischen Energiedichte. Trotz immenser Fortschritte in den vergangenen Jahren liegt ihre tatsächliche Energiedichte jedoch noch weit unterhalb einer Praxistauglichkeit. Da die Elektrochemie des Schwefels stark von einer Fest/flüssig/fest‐Phasenumwandlung abhängt, spielt die Menge des Elektrolyten für die praktisch erreichbare Leistungsfähigkeit von Li‐S‐Zellen eine wesentliche Rolle. Um den Vorteil der hohen Energiedichte nutzen zu können, muss die Li‐S‐Batterie ein möglichst kleines Elektrolytvolumen mit niedrigem Elektrolyt/Schwefel‐Verhältnis aufweisen. Unter solchen Bedingungen lässt sich eine akzeptable elektrochemische Leistung in Kinetik, Entladekapazität, Coulomb‐Wirkungsgrad und Zyklenfestigkeit jedoch nur sehr schwer erreichen, insbesondere wenn die Kathode einen hohen Schwefelgehalt aufweisen soll. In diesem Aufsatz wird dargestellt, welchen Einfluss das Elektrolyt/Schwefel‐Verhältnis auf die erreichbare Energiedichte und Kosten von Li‐S‐Batterien hat. Für beide elektrochemische Prozesse des Schwefels, Löse‐Abscheide‐ und Festphasenumwandlung, werden Herausforderungen und neueste Entwicklungen beschrieben. Abschließend werden Perspektiven in der Entwicklung von zukünftigen Li‐S‐Magerelektrolyt‐Batterien vorgestellt.

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Rationally Designed High-Sulfur-Content Polymeric Cathode Material for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries

Cited by 64 publications

References 35 publications

Lithium–Sulfur Batteries under Lean Electrolyte Conditions: Challenges and Opportunities

Lithium–Sulfur Batteries under Lean Electrolyte Conditions: Challenges and Opportunities

A Comprehensive Understanding of Lithium–Sulfur Battery Technology

Lithium‐Schwefel‐Batterien mit Magerelektrolyt: Herausforderungen und Perspektiven

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