Rational design of reconfigurable prismatic architected materials

Overvelde, Johannes T. B.; Weaver, James C.; Hoberman, Chuck; Bertoldi, Katia

doi:10.1038/nature20824

Cited by 275 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Interesting dynamical responses include shock absorption [13,14,15,16] and soliton propagation [17,18] and transition waves [19,20]. Importantly, a compliant mechanism framework [4,10,21,6,8,19,20,22,17,18] is often employed to capture qualitatively the mechanical response and to explore the design space. However so far, the effect of the constitutive materials' dissipation has been largely overlooked for nonlinear metamaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic Snapping Metamaterials

Dykstra

Busink

Ennis

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Mechanics

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Mechanical metamaterials are artificial composites with tunable advanced mechanical properties. Particularly interesting types of mechanical metamaterials are flexible metamaterials, which harness internal rotations and instabilities to exhibit programmable deformations. However, to date such materials have mostly been considered using nearly purely elastic constituents such as neo-Hookean rubbers. Here we explore experimentally the mechanical snapthrough response of metamaterials that are made of constituents that exhibit large viscoelastic relaxation effects, encountered in the vast majority of rubbers, in particular in 3D printed rubbers. We show that they exhibit a very strong sensitivity to the loading rate. In particular, the mechanical instability is strongly affected beyond a certain loading rate. We rationalize our findings with a compliant mechanism model augmented with viscoelastic interactions, which captures qualitatively well the reported behavior, suggesting that the sensitivity to loading rate stems from the nonlinear and inhomogeneous deformation rate, provoked by internal rotations. Our findings bring a novel understanding of metamaterials in the dynamical regime and opens up avenues for the use of metamaterials for dynamical shape-changing as well as vibration and impact damping applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscoelastic Snapping Metamaterials

Dykstra

Busink

Ennis

et al. 2019

Journal of Applied Mechanics

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“…With the introduction of 4D printing, fold lines within an origami pattern could be programmed to self-fold [37]. This reconfigurability has recently been exploited in the design of acoustic waveguides [38], prismatic reconfigurable materials [39] and tunable thermal expansion meta-material [40].…”

Section: B Elastic "Flasher" Origamimentioning

confidence: 99%

Autonomous Deployment of a Solar Panel Using Elastic Origami and Distributed Shape-Memory-Polymer Actuators

Chen

Bilal

Lang³

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Applied

120

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Deployable mechanical systems such as space solar panels rely on the intricate stowage of passive modules, and sophisticated deployment using a network of motorized actuators. As a result, a significant portion of the stowed mass and volume are occupied by these support systems. An autonomous solar panel array deployed using the inherent material behavior remains elusive. In this work, we develop an autonomous self-deploying solar panel array that is programmed to activate in response to changes in the surrounding temperature. We study an elastic "flasher" origami sheet embedded in a circle of scissor mechanisms, both printed with shape memory polymers. The scissor mechanisms are optimized to provide the maximum expansion ratio while delivering the necessary force for deployment. The origami sheet is also optimized to carry the maximum number of solar panels given space constraints. We show how the folding of the "flasher" origami exhibits a bifurcation behavior resulting in either a cone or disk shape both numerically and in experiments. A folding strategy is devised to avoid the undesired cone shape. The resulting design is entirely 3D printed, achieves an expansion ratio of 1000% in under 40 seconds, and shows excellent agreement with simulation prediction both in the stowed and deployed configurations.

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“…Kirigami, cousin of origami, involves additional cutting of planar paper sheets before the folding-induced 2D-3D transformation [5,6]. Recently, the principle of origami and kirigami has received growing attention from the research communities of both science and engineering [7][8][9][10][11], due to their promising potentials in a wide range of applications ranging from reconfigurable architected materials [12][13][14][15], deformable batteries [16,17], microscale 3D self-assembly [18][19][20][21], energy absorption [22], topological mechanics [23] and compact deployable structures [3,[24][25][26]. In particular, the intriguing mechanical properties of origami/kirigami structures, such as auxiticity, afford significant advantages in building mechanical metamaterials [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterning Curved Three-Dimensional Structures With Programmable Kirigami Designs

Wang

Guo

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Mechanics

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Originated from the art of paper cutting and folding, kirigami and origami have shown promising applications in a broad range of scientific and engineering fields. Developments of kirigami-inspired inverse design methods that map target three-dimensional (3D) geometries into two dimensional (2D) patterns of cuts and creases are desired to serve as guidelines for practical applications. In this paper, using programmed kirigami tessellations, we propose two design methods to approximate the geometries of developable surfaces and non-zero Gauss curvature surfaces with rotational symmetry. In the first method, a periodic array of kirigami pattern with spatially varying geometric parameters is obtained, allowing formation of developable surfaces of desired curvature distribution and thickness, through controlled shrinkage and bending deformations. In the second method, another type of kirigami tessellations, in combination with Miura origami, is proposed to approximate non-developable surfaces with rotational symmetry. Both methods are validated by experiments of folding patterned thin copper films into desired 3D structures. The mechanical behaviors of the kirigami designs are investigated using analytical modeling and finite element simulations. The proposed methods extend the design space of mechanical metamaterials, and are expected to be useful for kirigami-inspired applications.

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Rational design of reconfigurable prismatic architected materials

Cited by 275 publications

References 34 publications

Viscoelastic Snapping Metamaterials

Viscoelastic Snapping Metamaterials

Autonomous Deployment of a Solar Panel Using Elastic Origami and Distributed Shape-Memory-Polymer Actuators

Patterning Curved Three-Dimensional Structures With Programmable Kirigami Designs

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