Rational design of monolayers for improved water evaporation mitigation

Prime, Emma L.; Tran, Diana; Plazzer, Michael; Sunartio, Devi; Leung, Andy; Yiapanis, George; Baoukina, Svetlana; Yarovsky, Irene; Qiao, Greg G.

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2012.09.025

Cited by 18 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For instance, for 1octadecanol a value of 23 AE 0.1 Å2 per molecule has been measured. 41 This is an expected agreement because of the alcohol molecules are highly ordered at the interface. For a double tail surfactant the cross section of two alkyl chains will correspondingly be 40-42 Å2 .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Design of dialkyl surfactants from nitrilotriacetic acid as head group

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New double-chain surfactants can be designed in which nitrilotriacetic acid plays the role of glycerol in phospholipids. The synthetic methodology is applied to the synthesis of (2-(bis(2-dodecylamino)-2-oxoethyl)amino)acetic acid. This is a symmetric dimeric surfactant but the methodology allows the synthesis of asymmetric double-chain surfactants as well. The Krafft temperature is 16-18 °C. The critical aggregation concentration of the new surfactant (4.76 × 10-5 mol dm-3 in NaOH 0.01 M and 25 °C; surface tension measurements) is two hundred times lower than that for sodium 2-dodecanamidoacetate, which can be considered its monoalkyl surfactant analog, indicating the enhanced surfactant properties resulting from the presence of two hydrophobic alkyl chains. The shape of the aggregates was investigated by transmission electron microscopy. At 40 °C, the main structure present in solution corresponds to vesicles and, from the size distribution of their radii, values of (0.34 ± 0.06)kT and 56.7 ± 2.6 nm were obtained for the effective bending elasticity constant and the spontaneous radius of curvature of vesicles, respectively. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 61%

Design of dialkyl surfactants from nitrilotriacetic acid as head group

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Based on the evaluation from the BAM software, the film created by the monolayer and the duolayer system were both found to be almost identical with a film thickness of around 2.3 nm, with fluctuations in both cases from the islands of excess material. Although the theoretical length of the C18E1 molecule is about 2.6 nm, molecular modeling in our previous study 15 and in Part B of this study, has shown that the monolayer molecules are likely to be packed on the water surface with a slight tilt rather than standing upright on the water surface, thus reducing the actual thickness of the monolayer film.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Dynamic Performance of Duolayers at the Air/Water Interface. 1. Experimental Analysis

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Understanding, and improving, the behavior of thin surface films under exposure to externally applied forces is important for applications such as mimicking biological membranes, water evaporation mitigation, and recovery of oil spills. This paper demonstrates that the incorporation of a water-soluble polymer into the surface film composition, i.e., formation of a three-duolayer system, shows improved performance under an applied dynamic stress, with an evaporation saving of 84% observed after 16 h, compared to 74% for the insoluble three-monolayer alone. Canal viscometry and spreading rate experiments, performed using the same conditions, demonstrated an increased surface viscosity and faster spreading rate for the three-duolayer system, likely contributing to the observed improvement in dynamic performance. Brewster angle microscopy and dye-tagged polymers were used to visualize the system and demonstrated that the duolayer and monolayer system both form a homogeneous film of uniform, single-molecule thickness, with the excess material compacting into small floating reservoirs on the surface. It was also observed that both components have to be applied to the water surface together in order to achieve improved performance under dynamic conditions. These findings have important implications for the use of surface films in various applications where resistance to external disturbance is required.

show abstract

“…Since the oating pans experience waves inside, more cracks or holes will appear in the lm, therefore using a component to ll in cracks and help respreading becomes important (Mozafari et al, 2019). In order to overcome this problem St and Ce can be mixed in which the shorter one (Ce) helps spreading rate and ll in the cracks and the longer one (St) acts more as an evaporation retardant (Prime et al, 2012). The F4 consists of 3:1 St to Ce showed higher R more than 50% for the FD in the higher air temperature about 34 o C in both pans, indicate closer molecular packing lm and the synergistic effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monolayer Mass(g) = Total Area(cm 2 ) In order to better disperse the monolayers on the water surface, they can be dissolved in a suitable volatile solvent such as ethanol. In this case, the solvent will evaporate in a short time and the thin layer will remain on the surface (Prime et al, 2012). The proper composition and materials weight of the lm added to the solvent were found based on our laboratory scale tests results on fresh water and eld experiments by evaporation pans contained Lake's water.…”

Section: Film Formulation and Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, evaporation reduction of the monolayers has been reported up to 70% in smaller scales and limited conditions such as in class A evaporation pans and lab scale tests (Gallego-Elvira et al, 2013; Mozafari et al, 2019). Using such layers are more reasonable than physical covers in periods that evaporation is higher and wind ow is not too heavy, since they display better stability on lower wind speed (Prime et al, 2012;Mozafari et al, 2019). Small amount of these materials are enough to cover wide area, for instance about 20 g of Stearyl alcohol is enough to cover a hectare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Lake Evaporation Mitigation Using Self-Assembled Films: Case Study Of Chitgar Lake

Nejatian

Mohammadi

Doulabi

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Evaporation is a significant outflow in water bodies and is the only outflow in man-made Chitgar Lake. It is estimated to be more than 2 million cubic meters annually. In order to mitigate this outflow, we investigated different kinds of self-assembled thickness films. They consist of six different combinations of stearyl and cetyl alcohols with additives including jojoba oil, stearic acid, and calcium hydroxide. The study has been done from July to August with two pairs of class A evaporation pans; one pair semi-floated on Chitgar lake water and another one located on the shore. The experimental results showed that a monolayer contained 3:1 stearyl to cetyl alcohols with 60% weight of calcium hydroxide had the best performance and could reduce evaporation up to 50% during its 3 days’ lifetime. The study indicated that the films had no significant side effects on lake water pH, turbidity, and total suspended solids except slight increase in water surface temperature.

show abstract

Rational design of monolayers for improved water evaporation mitigation

Cited by 18 publications

References 34 publications

Design of dialkyl surfactants from nitrilotriacetic acid as head group

Design of dialkyl surfactants from nitrilotriacetic acid as head group

Dynamic Performance of Duolayers at the Air/Water Interface. 1. Experimental Analysis

Lake Evaporation Mitigation Using Self-Assembled Films: Case Study Of Chitgar Lake

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About