Rational Approaches, Design Strategies, Structure Activity Relationship and Mechanistic Insights for Esterase Inhibitors

Abstract

Rivastigmine derivatives (44-53), tacrine-piperazine hybrid (136), coumarin-benzofuran derivative (169), coumarin-benzylpiperidine hybrid (181) and phenylcinnamide derivative (220) found to be exerting cholinesterase inhibition with IC50 below the range of 1 nM. Whereas, flavone (258) has displayed anticholesterol esterase potential below 1 nM. Benzil like derivative, (273) has also been designed and reported to possess remarkable inhibitory potential (IC50 < 1 nM) against carboxylesterase. These representative results place them in forefront as potential future drug candidates to further develop potent and specific esterase inhibitors.

Thiazolidine-2,4-dione framework containing spiropyrrolidine-oxindole and 1,2,3-triazole scaffold: synthesis, in vitro α-amylase inhibition and in silico studies

“…22 The indole moiety represents a fascinating pharmacophore as it exhibits a wide range of biological properties. 23,24 Similarly, the wide pharmacological properties of 3′-spirooxindoles using the 3rd carbon atom of indole are of considerable interest to medicinal chemists. 25,26 On the other side, pyrrolidine also constitutes an important scaffold due to its innumerable biological activities.…”

The synthesis of indole-3-carbinols (I3C) and their application to access unsymmetrical bis(3-indolyl)methanes (BIMs) bearing a quaternary sp3-carbon

“…2,3 Most importantly, 3-substituted indoles have attracted immense attention because of their widespread applications in organic synthesis, medicines and materials chemistry. 4,5 In particular, indole-3-carbinol, a bioactive key chemical component in all vegetables of the Cruciferae family, is an important motif, as it possess a high potency to bind with DNA and, therefore, has anti-carcinogenic activity. 6 Moreover, these molecules are promising synthetic precursors for the construction of various simple to complex biologically important heterocyclic building blocks.…”

Bis-indolylation of aldehydes and ketones using silica-supported FeCl3: molecular docking studies of bisindoles by targeting SARS-CoV-2 main protease binding sites

“…The indole scaffold has been recognized as a prominent and privileged structural motif found in thousands of natural products, exhibiting a range of important biological activities and gaining technological interest. 11 Many indole derivatives were found to possess anti-inflammatory activity along with analgesic and antipyretic properties. They inhibit the production of eicosanoids such as prostacyclin, thromboxanes and prostaglandins via inhibiting cyclooxygenase activity and thereby reduce edema.…”