Rate of Temperature Increase in Human Muscle During 1 MHz and 3 MHz Continuous Ultrasound

Draper, David; Castel, J C; Castel, Dawn

doi:10.2519/jospt.1995.22.4.142

Cited by 242 publications

(237 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The extensibility of animal tendons has been shown to increase with the application of ultrasound (Lehman et al, 1970;Gersten, 1955). Draper et al (1993b;1995a) found that continuous ultrasound (frequency, 1 MHz; intensity, 1.5 W/cm 2 ) for 7 to 8 min was sufficient to increase the tissue temperature of the triceps surae muscle in humans, which resulted in elastic changes in collagen. To obtain increases in the elastic properties of collagen, an elevation in tissue temperature of greater than 3 to 4 °C is indicated (Draper et al, 1995a(Draper et al, , 1995b Many collagen fibrils in the endomysia of the control group were longitudinal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Joint Mobility and Collagen Fibril Arrangement in the Endomysium of Immobilized Rat Soleus Muscle

Okita

Nakano

Kataoka³

et al. 2009

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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This study examined effects of therapeutic ultrasound on joint mobility and collagen fibril arrangement in the endomysium of immobilized rat soleus muscle.Twenty-two male Wistar rats were divided randomly into control (n=5) and experimental groups (n=17).In the experimental group, bilateral ankle joints of each rat were fixed in full plantar flexion with a plaster cast over a 4-wk period.Five animals in the experimental group were immobilized throughout the 4-wk (immobilization group) period, whereas the remaining rats in the experimental group were randomly divided into the ultrasound (US, n=6) and sham (n=6) treatment groups.Under anesthesia, continuous ultrasonic energy (frequency, 1 MHz; intensity, 1.0 W/cm 2 ) was delivered to the triceps surae muscle of the US group for 15 min per d, 6 d per wk over the 4-wk immobilization period. Ultrasonic energy was not delivered to the triceps surae muscle in sham animals; only the transducer head was moved.Ankle joint mobility on dorsiflexion in the immobilization, sham and US groups was significantly smaller than that of the control group, whereas in the US group, this parameter was significantly greater than in the immobilization and sham groups.Collagen fibril arrangement in the endomysium of the control and US groups was longitudinal to the axis of the muscle fibers; in contrast, it was circumferential in the immobilization and sham groups. Our findings revealed that joint immobilization induces decreased joint mobility and collagen fibril movement in the endomysium; 3 furthermore, ultrasound treatment can prevent these changes. We hypothesized that therapeutic ultrasound during the immobilization process may inhibit deterioration of muscle contracture.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, frequency, intensity and irradiation time were determined for these reports as a reference (Draper et al, 1995a(Draper et al, , 1995bLocke and Nussbaum, 2001). …”

Section: Ultrasound Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Joint Mobility and Collagen Fibril Arrangement in the Endomysium of Immobilized Rat Soleus Muscle

Okita

Nakano

Kataoka³

et al. 2009

Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology

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“…If a beam is focused down to a small size on a target tissue, the power per area becomes very large and significant thermal energy can be absorbed from the beam by the tissue, resulting in heating. Such hyperthermia has been traditionally employed in physical therapy to warm tissues [1], in drug delivery to "melt" drug-containing liposomes [2], and in medical therapy to kill or ablate tissue [3][4][5]. Thus hyperthermia in targeted drug delivery accomplishes the role of heating the drugs, drug carriers, and/or the tissues receiving the drugs.…”

Section: Hyperthermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic drug delivery – a general review

Pitt

Husseini

Staples

2004

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

543

428

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Ultrasound (US) has an ever-increasing role in the delivery of therapeutic agents including genetic material, proteins, and chemotherapeutic agents. Cavitating gas bodies such as microbubbles are the mediators through which the energy of relatively non-interactive pressure waves is concentrated to produce forces that permeabilize cell membranes and disrupt the vesicles that carry drugs. Thus the presence of microbubbles enormously enhances delivery of genetic material, proteins and smaller chemical agents. Delivery of genetic material is greatly enhanced by ultrasound in the presence of microbubbles. Attaching the DNA directly to the microbubbles or to gas-containing liposomes enhances gene uptake even further. US-enhanced gene delivery has been studied in various tissues including cardiac, vascular, skeletal muscle, tumor and even fetal tissue. US-enhanced delivery of proteins has found most application in transdermal delivery of insulin. Cavitation events reversibly disrupt the structure of the stratus corneum to allow transport of these large molecules. Other hormones and small proteins could also be delivered transdermally. Small chemotherapeutic molecules are delivered in research settings from micelles and liposomes exposed to ultrasound. Cavitation appears to play two roles: it disrupts the structure of the carrier vesicle and releases the drug; it also makes the cell membranes and capillaries more permeable to drugs. There remains a need to better understand the physics of cavitation of microbubbles and the impact that such cavitation has upon cells and drug-carrying vesicles.

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“…In most instances a continuous (100%) duty cycle, will allow for tissue heating, when applied for the proper duration. In order to increase the viscoelastic properties, the tissue will need an increase of 4°C above tissue baseline, commonly referred to as "vigorous heating" [12]. Draper has provided a means of calculating expected tissue temperature change.…”

Section: Discussion Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Clinical Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis: A Survey of Physical Therapists Practicing in the Northeast Region of the United States

Higgins¹

2013

J Nov Physiother

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Rate of Temperature Increase in Human Muscle During 1 MHz and 3 MHz Continuous Ultrasound

Cited by 242 publications

References 8 publications

Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Joint Mobility and Collagen Fibril Arrangement in the Endomysium of Immobilized Rat Soleus Muscle

Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Joint Mobility and Collagen Fibril Arrangement in the Endomysium of Immobilized Rat Soleus Muscle

Ultrasonic drug delivery – a general review

Common Clinical Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis: A Survey of Physical Therapists Practicing in the Northeast Region of the United States

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