Rate of migration of oral leukocytes in patients with periodontitis

Abstract

The rate of migration of leukocytes (OMR) was estimated by counts of sequential mouthrinses in 81 human subjects in order to evaluate its usefulness as a laboratory test of oral inflammation. Periodontitis was taken as a model, and neither patients nor controls had any other oral inflammation. Patients with advanced periodontitis, but with periodontal destruction of about the same level, were divided into two groups, acute phase and chronic phase. The mean number of leukocytes entering the oral cavity in 30 s was estimated in these two groups. In the same patients the difference between the cell count in the first rinse and the OMR level was estimated, to test whether it could be taken to indicate the grade of acuteness of the inflammadon (GAD. OMR and GAI were assessed in the patients with periodontitis after the initial treatment and at loUow-up 1 year after completion of the full treatment, which almost always included surgical procedures. The results indicate that the OMR reflects the existence of oral in-(lammation and can be used as a laboratory test with the same resen'ations as white blood cell counts for systemic inflammation. The difference in GAI between patients in the acute and chronic phases of the disease was highly significant, indicating that this test gives information about the severity of the inflammation.

Novel rinse assay for the quantification of oral neutrophils and the monitoring of chronic periodontal disease

“…It has been previously shown that the rate at which oral neutrophils migrate into the oral cavity increases in the presence of inflammation (10) and that oral neutrophil counts positively correlate with both increasing pocket depth and the gingival index (11,12). Interestingly, Raeste & Aura (13) found that the leukocyte count in the first rinse of the OMR series also reflects the severity of periodontal disease. Although the definition of disease used in their study is unclear and inconsistent with the criteria described above, meaningful comparisons can still be made.…”

“…Although the definition of disease used in their study is unclear and inconsistent with the criteria described above, meaningful comparisons can still be made. Raeste & Aura's first rinse values exhibited a threefold higher leukocyte count in patients with chronic periodontitis than in healthy controls (13). A 25‐fold higher leukocyte count was noted in patients with acute periodontitis than in controls.…”

“…A p ‐value of < 0.05 delineated statistical significance. A standard sample size calculation determined that a minimum of 29 patients must complete phase I therapy for the difference between initial and re‐evaluation oral neutrophil counts to be statistically significant when α =0.05, β = 0.1, δ = 1 × 10 6 , and σ =1.8 × 10 6 (13,17).…”

“…It is not sensitive to the presence of plaque, debris, or calculus (11,12). The idea of using neutrophil quantification to assess periodontal disease status and the effectiveness of therapy was first proposed by Raeste et al ., in 1978 (13). That study described an oral rinse assay for neutrophil counts, which was used in 81 patients with periodontal disease.…”

Saliva: A diagnostic biomarker of periodontal diseases

“…[32] Klinkhammer[33] standardized collection and counting of leukocytes in saliva and developed the orogranulocytic migratory rate (OMR). Raeste et al .,[34] in their study, indicated that the OMR reflects the presence of oral inflammation, and suggested that this measure can be used as a laboratory test.…”