Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Yield and processing quality

Zebarth, Bernie J.; Leclerc, Yves; Moreau, Gilles; Botha, Elizabeth C.

doi:10.4141/p03-123

Cited by 53 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Use of a plant bioassay approach may therefore provide more realistic estimates of soil N supply compared with vegetation-free plots because soil moisture contents more closely reflect the soil moisture contents that commercial crops would experience. Estimates of soil N supply obtained using a plant bioassay approach were previously reported to account for much of the among-year variation in the response of tuber yield to the rate of N fertilization (Zebarth et al 2004c), confirming that these estimates of soil N supply are biologically meaningful. These findings suggest that use of the plant bioassay approach is a valid way to estimate plant-available soil N supply.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach

Zebarth¹,

Leclerc²,

Moreau³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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G. 2005. Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach. Can. J. Soil Sci. 85: [377][378][379][380][381][382][383][384][385][386]. Soil N supply is an important contributor of N to crop production; however, there is a lack of practical methods for routine estimation of soil N supply under field conditions. This study evaluated sampling just prior to topkill of whole potato plants that received no fertilizer N as a field bioassay of soil N supply. Three experiments were performed. In exp. 1, field trials were conducted to test if P and K fertilization, with no N fertilization, influenced plant biomass and N accumulation at topkill. In exp. 2, plant N accumulation at topkill in unfertilized plots was compared with mineral N accumulation in vegetation-free plots. In exp. 3, estimates of soil N supply were obtained from 56 sites from 1999 to 2003 using a survey approach where plant N accumulation at topkill, and soil mineral N content to 30-cm depth at planting and at tuber harvest were measured. Application of P and K fertilizer had no significant effect on plant N accumulation in two trials, and resulted in a small increase in plant N accumulation in a third trial. Zero fertilizer plots, which can be more readily established in commercial potato fields, can therefore be used instead of zero fertilizer N plots to estimate soil N supply. In exp. 2, estimates of soil N supply were generally comparable between plant N accumulation at topkill and maximum soil NO 3 -N accumulation in vegetation-free plots; therefore, the plant bioassay approach is a valid means of estimation of plant available soil N supply. Plant N accumulation at topkill in exp. 3 averaged 86 kg N ha -1 , and ranged from 26 to 162 kg N ha -1 . Plant N accumulation was higher for sites with a preceding forage crop compared with a preceding cereal or potato crop. Plant N accumulation was generally higher in years with warmer growing season temperatures. Soil NO 3 -N content at harvest in exp. 3 was less than 20 kg N ha -1 , indicating that residual soil mineral N content was low at the time of plant N accumulation measurement. Soil NO 3 -N content at planting was generally small relative to plant N accumulation, indicating that soil N supply in this region is controlled primarily by growing season soil N mineralization. Use of a plant bioassay approach provides a practical means to quantify climate, soil and management effects on plant available soil N supply in potato production. 377-386. La quantité de N présente dans le sol apporte beaucoup au N dont les cultures ont besoin pour croître. Cependant, on manque de méthodes pratiques pour estimer couramment les réserves de N dans les champs. La présente étude devait établir si l'échantillonnage de plants de pomme de terre entiers n'ayant pas reçu d'engrais azoté juste avant le défanage donnerait une idée de la concentration de N dans le sol. Les auteurs ont effectué trois expériences à cette fin. Dans la première, des essais sur le terrain ont permis de vérifier si l...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach

Zebarth¹,

Leclerc²,

Moreau³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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“…Split N application has been shown to be effective in reducing NO 3 ( leaching losses in irrigated potato production on sandy soils (Errebhi et al 1998). However, under the rain-fed potato production in Atlantic Canada and in Maine, there is limited evidence of a benefit of split N application with respect to tuber yield or efficiency of fertilizer N utilization (Porter and Sisson 1993;Zebarth et al 2004). Rather, split N application has the potential to reduce tuber yield compared with all fertilizer N applied at planting in years with dry soil conditions (Porter and Sisson 1993;Zebarth et al 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, under the rain-fed potato production in Atlantic Canada and in Maine, there is limited evidence of a benefit of split N application with respect to tuber yield or efficiency of fertilizer N utilization (Porter and Sisson 1993;Zebarth et al 2004). Rather, split N application has the potential to reduce tuber yield compared with all fertilizer N applied at planting in years with dry soil conditions (Porter and Sisson 1993;Zebarth et al 2004). Therefore, while split N application has the potential to reduce N 2 O emissions, split N application is difficult to justify in terms of crop production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of split application of fertilizer nitrogen on N₂O emissions from potatoes

Burton¹,

Zebarth²,

Gillam³

et al. 2008

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

166

109

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( availability and increased rainfall resulting in reduced aeration. Split N application was effective in reducing N 2 O emissions by minimizing the supply of NO 3 ( when demand for terminal electron acceptors was high. N 2 O emissions were higher in the potato hill relative to the furrow; however, denitrification rate was higher in the furrow. Nitrate intensity (NI) expresses the exposure of the soil microbial population to NO 3 ( and was calculated as the summation of daily soil nitrate concentration over the monitoring period. Cumulative N 2 O emissions were positively related to NI across year, N fertility treatment and row location. Denitrification was not related to NI, reflecting the primary role of NO 3 ( in influencing the N 2 O:N 2 ratio of denitrification rather than the magnitude of the overall process. Split N application was an effective strategy for reducing N 2 O emissions in years where there was significant rainfall during the period between planting and hilling. ( dans le sol combine´e a`des pre´cipitations plus abondantes, facteurs qui ont nui a`l'ae´ration du sol. L'application fractionne´e d'engrais N re´duit les de´gagements de N 2 O en abaissant la quantite´de NO 3 ( quand la demande d'accepteurs d'e´lectrons finaux est e´leve´e. Les e´missions de N 2 O sont plus importantes sur la butte que dans le sillon; cependant, c'est dans le sillon que la de´nitrification est la plus intense. La charge nitrique (CN) indique le degre´d'exposition de la microflore tellurique aux NO 3 ( et correspond a`la somme de la concentration quotidienne de nitrates dans le sol durant la pe´riode a`l'e´tude. Les e´missions cumulatives de N 2 O sont positivement corre´le´es a`la CN pendant l'anne´e, a`la fertilisation azote´e et a`l'emplacement du rang. La de´nitrification ne pre´sente aucun lien avec la CN, signe que le NO 3 ( joue un roˆle primordial en modifiant le ratio N 2 O:N 2 de la de´nitrification et non l'amplitude du phe´nome`ne. L'application fractionne´e d'engrais N est une bonne strate´gie pour re´duire les e´missions de N 2 O les anne´es ou`il pleut beaucoup durant la pe´riode qui se´pare la plantation du buttage. For personal use only.

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“…There are reports that sidedressing of N can reduce yields compared with pre-plant applications in some cases (Everaarts 1993;Sanderson and Ivany 1999). Zebarth et al (2004) concluded that for potatoes, sidedressing had questionable benefits on rain-fed crops in wet years, and can decrease yield in dry years. Observations such as these about weather and N may assist in our understanding of weather-induced variability.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nitrogen and water requirements of fertigated cabbage in Ontario

McKeown¹,

Westerveld²,

Bakker³

2010

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2010. Nitrogen and water requirements of fertigated cabbage in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 90: 101Á109. Increasing nutrient and water regulations have necessitated development of best management practices for application of nitrogen (N) and water. This study was conducted to determine if there was an optimal balance of N and water applied for late storage cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata). Five rates of N and five irrigation rates arranged in a response surface design replicated three times were supplied to Huron cabbage grown on sandy loam soil to study the interaction of N and water applied. Plots were located at the University of Guelph, Simcoe Research Station, Ontario, Canada from 2003 to 2005. Total and marketable yields were maximized from a low of 278 kg ha(1 N in 2005 to above the highest rate tested (400 kg ha (1 N) in the other 2 yr. In 2005, there were 29 d above 308C and marketable yield was 49% lower than 2004, which had only 1 d above 308C. A target soil water value of 100% of field capacity was required to maximize yield in all 3 yr. More N is required as the water supply increases. The main influence of irrigation and N application was on head volume. Head density based on fresh weight was not influenced by irrigation or N application, but head density based on dry weight decreased with increased N application. Irrigation and N application should be managed concurrently to maximize yield and quality and N and irrigation efficiency for late storage cabbage. However, N and water will not prevent lost yield due to hot days, which suggests that late-cabbage yields are very sensitive to high air temperatures. , anne´e où la tempe´rature n'a de´passe´308C qu'une seule fois. Une teneur en eau e´gale a`100 % de la capacite´du terrain s'est ave´re´e ne´cessaire pour maximiser le rendement chaque anne´e. La quantite´de N requise augmente avec l'approvisionnement d'eau. L'irrigation et les applications de N influent principalement sur le volume des pommes de chou. La densite´des pommes selon le poids frais n'est pas affecte´e par l'irrigation ni les applications de N, mais en poids sec, elle diminue avec les applications de N. On devrait ge´rer simultane´ment l'irrigation et les applications de N pour maximiser le rendement du chou tardif de longue conservation et l'efficacite´des deux amendements. Cependant, les applications de N et l'eau n'empeˆcheront pas les pertes re´sultant de la chaleur, ce qui laisse croire que le rendement du chou est tre`s sensible aux tempe´ratures ambiantes e´leve´es.

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Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Yield and processing quality

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach

Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach

Effect of split application of fertilizer nitrogen on N₂O emissions from potatoes

Nitrogen and water requirements of fertigated cabbage in Ontario

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Rate and timing of nitrogen fertilization of Russet Burbank potato: Yield and processing quality

Cited by 53 publications

References 26 publications

Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach

Estimation of soil nitrogen supply in potato fields using a plant bioassay approach

Effect of split application of fertilizer nitrogen on N2O emissions from potatoes

Nitrogen and water requirements of fertigated cabbage in Ontario

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Effect of split application of fertilizer nitrogen on N₂O emissions from potatoes