RAS in the Central Nervous System: Potential Role in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Rocha, Natália Pessoa; Silva, Ana Cristina Simões e; Prestes, Thiago Ruiz Rodrigues; Feracin, Victor; Machado, Caroline Amaral; Ferreira, Rodrigo Novaes; Teixeira, Antônio Lúcio; Miranda, Aline Silva de

doi:10.2174/0929867325666180226102358

Cited by 45 publications

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“…21 Besides, ACE2, the receptor of SARS-CoV-2, 22 is a component of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) which can be found in the central nervous system. [23][24][25] Animal studies indicated that RAS is related to stress and mood disorders. 24 25 Whether SARS-CoV-2 could infect the central nervous system and cause affect stress and emotional disturbances or not needs to be investigated.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients with schizophrenia who were suspected to have coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China

Liu¹,

Lin

Jiang

et al. 2020

Gen Psych

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BackgroundSince the outbreak of COVID-19, no data have been available for hospitalised psychiatric patients who are suspected to have COVID-19. We performed a comprehensive investigation of the clinical features of hospitalised patients with schizophrenia with or without suspected COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China.AimTo explore the clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients with schizophrenia with suspected COVID-19 in Hubei Province, China.Methods21 hospitalised patients with schizophrenia with suspected COVID-19 (COVID-19 suspected group) in the isolation ward of a mental health hospital in Wuhan and 30 hospitalised patients with schizophrenia (clean group) in the general ward of another mental health hospital in Yichang were recruited. We retrospectively reviewed their clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and chest CT results before 21 February 2020. We also compared the emotional and mental symptoms between the two groups.ResultsMedical records revealed that 21 COVID-19 suspected patients were transferred to the isolation ward between 30 January 2020 and 15 February 2020. The mean age (SD) of COVID-19 suspected patients was 43.1 (2.6). 12 (57.1%) patients showed abnormalities on chest CT before onset of respiratory symptoms. 14 (66.7%) patients had psychiatric medications adjustment after detection of abnormal chest CT findings. By 21 February, one patient was confirmed to have COVID-19. Even though the remaining 20 (95.2%) were negative for at least two reverse transcription PCR tests, 11 (52.4%) patients met the diagnostic criteria for clinically confirmed cases. Compared with patients in the clean group, patients in the suspected COVID-19 group showed significantly higher stress, depression and anxiety levels and poorer sleep quality.ConclusionSetting up an independent isolation ward for hospitalised psychiatric patients who are suspected to have symptoms of COVID-19 helped control the spread of the epidemic. Patients with schizophrenia suspected to have COVID-19 showed increased stress and mood and sleep disturbances, which should be appropriately managed.

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Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients with schizophrenia who were suspected to have coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China

Liu¹,

Lin

Jiang

et al. 2020

Gen Psych

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“…The AT1R is also abundant in the pituitary and adrenal glands, corroborating this hypothesis [44]. Indeed, peripheral sympathetic nerve stimulation led to increased renin activity and therefore increased levels of Ang II [44]. Thus, prophylactic AT1R blockade outside and inside the blood-brain barrier in mice has been shown to reduce activation of the HPA axis and increase catecholamine synthesis [44].…”

Section: The Classical Raas Axismentioning

confidence: 83%

“…The concentration of AT1 receptors in the hypothalamic areas belonging to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, including the area responsible for corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) synthesis, is associated with Ang II signaling in response to stress [45]. The AT1R is also abundant in the pituitary and adrenal glands, corroborating this hypothesis [44]. Indeed, peripheral sympathetic nerve stimulation led to increased renin activity and therefore increased levels of Ang II [44].…”

Section: The Classical Raas Axismentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The activity of Ang II in the central nervous system (CNS) has been associated with control of vascular and body fluid homeostasis, stimulation of vasopressin release, thirst, salt intake, and enhancement of the sympathoadrenal system [44]. The RAAS in the brain is influenced by both endogenous and peripheral circulation of its molecules, as AT1R has been found in circumventricular organs, cerebrovascular endothelial cells and neurons [45].…”

Section: The Classical Raas Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

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2020 update on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in pediatric kidney disease and its interactions with coronavirus

et al. 2020

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The last decade was crucial for our understanding of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) as a two-axis, counterregulatory system, divided into the classical axis, formed by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II (Ang II), and the angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R), and the alternative axis comprising angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), and the Mas receptor. Breakthrough discoveries also took place, with other RAAS endopeptides being described, including alamandine and angiotensin A. In this review, we characterize the two RAAS axes and the role of their components in pediatric kidney diseases, including childhood hypertension (HTN), pediatric glomerular diseases, congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). We also present recent findings on potential interactions between the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, and components of the RAAS, as well as potential implications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) for pediatric kidney diseases.

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“…Так, було показано, що при застосуванні еналаприлу покращувалась ефективність лікування діабетичної нейропатії у щурів: збільшувалась швидкість проведення імпульсів моторними та чутливими нервовими волокнами, покращувалась теплова та вібраторна чутливість [10]. Беручи до уваги те, що РАС, завдяки центральним нейропротекторним властивостям, зменшує розміри інфаркту мозку, запалення, окислювального стресу і апоптозу нейронів [11], доцільно вивчити терапевтичні можливості еналаприлу при ХА. Мета роботи.…”

Section: Bukovinian Medical Herald V22 № 4 (88) р 48-53unclassified

Influence of enalapril on the functional state of the central nervous system in experimental Alzheimer’s disease

Kmet¹

2018

Buk. Med. Herald

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Вищий державний навчальний заклад України «Буковинський державний медичний університет», м. Чернівці, Україна Мета роботи-дослідити вплив еналаприлу на функціональний стан центральної нервової системи щурів з експериментальною хворобою Альцгеймера. Матеріал і методи. Експерименти проводили на нелінійних лабораторних білих щурах-самцях масою 0,18-0,20 кг. Модель хвороби Альцгеймера створювали внутрішньоочеревинним уведенням 27 днів скополаміну гідрохлориду (Sigma, США) дозою 1 мг/кг. Починаючи з 28-ї доби експерименту, еналаприл уводили внутрішньоочеревинно дозою 1 мг/кг у 1 мл фізіологічного розчину-один раз на добу, 14 днів. Функціональний стан центральної нервової системи оцінювали за поведінковими реакціями щурів у тестах «відкрите поле» та «умовного рефлексу пасивного уникнення». Результати. Поведінкові реакції щурів із хворобою Альцгеймера після введення еналаприлу в тесті «відкрите поле» характеризувались зменшенням часу «нерухомості», зростанням кількості уринацій і фекальних болюсів; у тесті «умовного рефлексу пасивного уникнення»-збільшенням латентного періоду входу щурів у під'єднаний до електричного струму затемнений відсік. Висновки. Встановлені зміни поведінки щурів із хворобою Альцгеймера свідчать про відновлення емоційних реакцій, формування умовного рефлексу при електробольовому подразненні та вказують на корегувальні можливості еналаприлу за умов нейродегенеративних порушень центральної нервової системи.

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RAS in the Central Nervous System: Potential Role in Neuropsychiatric Disorders

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients with schizophrenia who were suspected to have coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China

Clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients with schizophrenia who were suspected to have coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Hubei Province, China

2020 update on the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system in pediatric kidney disease and its interactions with coronavirus

Influence of enalapril on the functional state of the central nervous system in experimental Alzheimer’s disease

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