Rare sugar D-psicose prevents progression and development of diabetes in T2DM model Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats

Abstract

BackgroundThe fundamental cause of overweight and obesity is consumption of calorie-dense foods. We have introduced a zero-calorie sweet sugar, d-psicose (d-allulose), a rare sugar that has been proven to have strong antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects, and could be used as a replacement of natural sugar for the obese and diabetic subjects.AimAbove mentioned efficacy of d-psicose (d-allulose) has been confirmed in our previous studies on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats with short-term treatment. In this study we investigated the long-term effect of d-psicose in preventing the commencement and progression of T2DM with the mechanism of preservation of pancreatic β-cells in OLETF rats.MethodsTreated OLETF rats were fed 5% d-psicose dissolved in water and control rats only water. Nondiabetic control rats, Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), were taken as healthy control and fed water. To follow the progression of diabetes, periodic measurements of blood glucose, plasma insulin, and body weight changes were continued till sacrifice at 60 weeks. Periodic in vivo body fat mass was measured. On sacrifice, pancreas, liver, and abdominal adipose tissues were collected for various staining tests.Resultsd-Psicose prevented the commencement and progression of T2DM till 60 weeks through the maintenance of blood glucose levels, decrease in body weight gain, and the control of postprandial hyperglycemia, with decreased levels of HbA1c in comparison to nontreated control rats. This improvement in glycemic control was accompanied by the maintenance of plasma insulin levels and the preservation of pancreatic β-cells with the significant reduction in inflammatory markers. Body fat accumulation was significantly lower in the treatment group, with decreased infiltration of macrophages in the abdominal adipose tissue.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the rare sugar d-psicose could be beneficial for the prevention and control of obesity and hyperglycemia with the preservation of β-cells in the progression of T2DM.

Rare sugar d-allulose: Potential role and therapeutic monitoring in maintaining obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…The glucose values returned to normal 120 minutes after gavage in all groups, and were close to baseline at week 10; whereas the values were higher and markedly higher in the control group than the D-allulose group at 40 and 60 weeks, respectively (Hossain et al, 2015). It was thus demonstrated that D-allulose exhibits potent anti-hyperglycemic activity.…”

“…In all our studies, we have observed striking differences in the histological findings pertaining to the morphology of the pancreas islets of Langerhans between D-allulose-fed and control animals (Hossain et al, 2012;Hossain et al, 2015). Briefly, islets of OLETF control rats were observed to be large, disorganized with irregular shapes, and separated into clusters by connective tissue bands, with expansion into adjacent exocrine tissues.…”

“…week 60 (Hossain et al, 2015). The above-mentioned features were prominent in the control rats while islets in the D-allulose-fed rats were well preserved.…”

“…week 60 (Hossain et al, 2015). However, one of the important mechanisms for controlling hyperglycemia in T2DM may be the protection of pancreatic -cells from injury (Gregor and Hotamisligil, 2011) caused by hyperglycemia.…”

Comparison of Anti-Obesity Effect between Two Types of Syrup Containing Rare Sugars in Wistar Rats

“…Among rare sugar sweeteners, d-allulose (d-ribo-2-hexulose), which was previously referred to d-psicose, has recently received much attention as a potential anti-diabetic and anti-obesity ingredient (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15), and has not shown adverse effects that are observed in conventional non-or low-calorie sweeteners.…”